Transcript REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH
STATEMENTS, QUESTIONS
AND COMMANDS
STATEMENTS
• When we report sentences or speeches words
have already been spoken, being this the reason
why the REPORTING VERB is usually used in
the past tense:
• TELL = TOLD and SAY = SAID. Remember:
Tell must be followed by an object pronoun but
not Say. E.g.: He told her he played football the
day before.// She said (that) she liked shopping.
* As you can see That is optional in both cases.
Quoted Speech
• Tenses within the
indirect sentence will
also change. See the
following chart:
• Must changes to had
to but musn’t stays
the same.
Reported Speech
Jordan said, "I cook rice every
day."
Jordan said that she
cooked rice every day.
Jordan said, "I am cooking
rice."
Jordan said that she
was cooking rice.
Jordan said, "I cooked rice."
Jordan said that she had
cooked rice.
Jordan said, "I have cooked
rice."
Jordan said that she had
cooked rice.
Jordan said, "I had cooked
rice."
Jordan said that she had
cooked rice.
Jordan said, "I will cook rice."
Jordan said that she
would cook rice.
Jordan said, "I am going to
cook rice."
Jordan said that she
was going to cook
rice.
Jordan said, "I can cook rice."
Jordan said that she
could cook rice.
Jordan said, "I may cook
rice."
Jordan said that she
might cook rice.
Jordan said, "I must cook
rice."
Jordan said that she had
to cook rice.
Jordan said, "I have to cook
rice."
Jordan said that she had
to cook rice.
• Next modal verbs do
not change when
used in reported
speech:
Jordan said, "I
should cook
rice."
Jordan said that
she should
cook rice.
Jordan said, "I
ought to
cook rice."
Jordan said that
she ought to
cook rice.
Jordan said, "I
might cook
rice."
Jordan said that
she might
cook rice.
• When direct speech
changes to indirect
speech, it causes
changes in personal
pronouns too. Note for
example that when
changing from direct
speech to indirect
(reported) speech all
pronouns are in the third
person.
Pronouns as subject
Direct Speech Indirect
Speech
I
he or
she
You (singular)
he or
she
She/he
he or
she
We
they
You (plural)
they
They
they
Example
• "I don't like the new
boss." Becomes: Alice
said she did not like the
new boss.
Pronouns as objects
Direct Speech Indirect
Speech
• Me
him of
her
• You (singular) him or
her
• Him or her
him or
her
• Us
them
• You (plural)
them
• Them
them
• Example
• "Bring it to me" becomes:
He asked her to take it to
him
Singular
My, mine
Plural
our, ours
his or hers
their, theirs
Your, yours your, yours
• The third change to
consider is that which
takes place when
adverbs are used in
indirect speech. Adverbs
of proximity both in space
and time change into
adverbs of remoteness
when direct speech is
changed to indirect
speech.
• Here are some examples.
Treat these examples as
convenient equivalents,
not as rules.
• They should be used with
common sense.
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Here
Now
This
Yesterday
there
then
that
the day before
or the
previous day
Ago
before
Next week the following
week
Tomorrow the next day or
the day after
Today
that day
QUESTIONS
• When you report a question, the tenses change
as in reported statements.
• When a question begins with a verb (not a
question word), add if (or whether)
Examples: She asked him if he was married
He asked me whether sahe had phone
I asked him what his name was
• You don’t have to use the usual order in a
question.E.g.: Where do you live? They asked
me where I lived
COMMANDS
• To report an imperative or request, use
told or asked + person + the infnitive with
to. E.g.: She told him to go away
• To report a negative imperative, use a
negative infinitive. The doctor told me not
to worry.
• You can’t use said in this sentences