Transcript The passive – football is played in Seville

The passive – football is played in
Seville
• The regular active voice. If an agent is given, use it as the
subject. For example, instead of “Much fun was had by all”, write
“Everyone had a lot of fun.”
• The indefinite “they” as the subject. Instead of “It is said
that...”, use “They say that...” (Dicen que...).
• The reflexive. Use Se habla español for “Spanish is spoken”
[literally, “Spanish speaks itself”].
• Constructions with the reflexive pronoun se are very common in
Spanish. Remember a few details here:
– For non-personal subjects, the verb agrees with the subject
in number: Se vende un coche magnífico en la subasta. A
magnificent car is being sold at the auction.
• Note that in some cases verbs which are “passive” in one
language are active in another: nacer = to be born.
• Yo nací el primero de junio. I was born on the first of June.
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
Past Participles
Infinitive:
Past participle:
How to turn active sentences into passive
sentences
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Active = Sandy broke the window yesterday
There are five main steps:
STEP 1
Take the object of the first sentence and make it
the subject of the new sentence
The window…
STEP 2
Add the verb to be in the same tense as the active
sentence (broke = past simple)
The window was…
• STEP 3
• Add the past participle of the verb in the active
sentence (broke = broken)
• The window was broken…
• STEP 4 (if applicable)
• Add by plus the subject of the first sentence (Sandy)
• The window was broken by Sandy…
• STEP 5
• Finish off the sentence in the appropriate way
• The window was broken by Sandy yesterday.
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Active Sentences
Passive Sentences
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Volunteers clean the beach.
The beach is cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers are cleaning the beach.
The beach is being cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers have cleaned the beach.
The beach has been cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers cleaned the beach.
The beach was cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers were cleaning the beach.
The beach was being cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers had cleaned the beach.
The beach had been cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers will clean the beach.
The beach will be cleaned by volunteers.
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Volunteers are going to clean the
beach.
The beach is going to be cleaned by
volunteers.
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Volunteers must clean the beach.
The beach must be cleaned by volunteers.
by and with
• With is used after participles such as filled, packed, crowded,
crammed.
• e.g. The train was packed with commuters.
• The difference between by and with may involve the presence of
a person. Compare these two sentences with your partner
• Dan was hit by a branch.
• Dan was hit with a branch.