Transcript Present tense,

Verbs in the Present Tense
(Los verbos en el tiempo presente)
First conjugation: -ar
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated
form, the one that corresponds to the English
“to do” (something). For example, to speak,
to work, to sing, etc.
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The Spanish infinitive always ends in r
hablar
salir
comer
conocer
escribir
costar
cantar
correr
aprender
finalizar
leer
freír
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The ending: The last two letters of
the infinitive.
The ending always
consists of two letters.
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The ending always consists of two letters
hablar
comer
escribir
cantar
aprender
leer
salir
conocer
costar
correr
finalizar
freír
There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish:
those that end in ar, those that end in er, and those that end in ir
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The stem or root: Whatever is left after
removing the ending from the infinitive.
The stem can consist of a variable
number of letters, depending on
the length of the verb in question.
The fundamental parts of the
Spanish verb
The infinitive – the ending = the stem
hablar
comer
escribir
cantar
aprender
leer
salir
conocer
costar
correr
finalizar
freír
The fundamental parts
of the verb
The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated
form of the verb.
estudiar
The ending: The last two letters of the
infinitive.
ar
The stem: What is left after taking the ending
from the infinitive.
estudi
Verb Conjugation
To conjugate: To put a verb in its
correct person and number so that
we know who is doing the action.
When we conjugate any
verb we always begin
with its stem.
Verbs of the
st
1
conjugation (-ar)
The following verbs are regular -ar verbs and are conjugated
according to the pattern in the following slides.
hablar
ayudar
bailar
buscar
caminar
comprar
conversar
enseñar
escuchar
estudiar
to speak
to help
to dance
to look for
to walk
to buy
to converse
to teach
to listen
to study
llegar
mirar
nadar
necesitar
preparar
regresar
tomar
reservar
trabajar
viajar
to arrive
to look at
to swim
to need
to prepare
to return
to take
to reserve
to work
to travel
Verbs of the
st
1
conjugation (-ar)
hablar
All persons and numbers are based on the stem.
yo hablo nosotros/as hablamos
tú hablas vosotros/as habláis
Uds. hablan
Ud. habla
ellos
él
ellas
ella
Notice which vowel
gets the emphasis!
Verbs of the
st
1
conjugation (-ar)
trabajar
Its stem?
trabajo
traba jas
trabaja
trabaja mos
trabajáis
trabajan
The emphasis?
Verbs of the
st
1
conjugation (-ar)
estudiar
Its stem?
estudio
estudias
estudia
estudiamos
estudiáis
estudian
The emphasis?
Verb usage
The Spanish present indicative tense has several
equivalents in English.
As in English, it can express present habitual actions:
Estudiamos español en la universidad.
We study Spanish at the university.
But, unlike English, it can also express ongoing actions:
En este momento estudiamos en la biblioteca.
Right now we’re studying in the library.
It can even express future actions:
Esta noche estudiamos para el examen.
Tonight we will study for the exam.
La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
¿Qué
estudias?
Estudio
matemáticas
.
Verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation
flip to their “opposite” form.
estudio estudiamos
estudias estudiáis
estudia estudian
¿Qué estudias tú?
La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar.
¿Qué
estudia
Juan?
Estudia
filosofía.
Verb forms that refer to people that are outside the conversation
do not change.
estudio estudiamos
estudias estudiáis
estudia estudian
Some verbs work in pairs
Here are some common verbs that are followed by
an infinitive:
Gustar
Querer
Ir
Poder
Tener que
Deber
Necesitar
like
want
go
be able
have to
must
need
Here is how they work in the
‘yo’ form
Gustar
Querer
Ir (a)
Poder
Tener que
Deber
Necesitar
Esperar
like
want
go (to)
be able
have to
must
need
hope
me gusta (lit. ‘it pleases me’)
quiero
voy (a)
puedo
tengo que
debo
necesito
espero
Notice that some verbs are IRREGULAR
Now put them together with
any infinitive!
Translate the following sentences:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
I want to reserves 2 double rooms.
I have to go to the bakers.
I need to study Spanish.
I am going to travel to Spain in July.
I can speak Spanish in Valencia.
I must work on Monday (el lunes)
I hope to go to university.
I like to east Spanish food.
9. Make up some more sentences of your own. Use other
persons – e.g. we want, he has to etc.