Transcript 4 Participals Verbs

Principal Parts
of Verbs
2015
ELA
The four basic
forms of a
verb are called
the principal
parts
of the verb.
The four principal
parts of a verb
are the base
form, the present
participle, the
past, and the past
participle.
Examples
Base
Form
Present
Participle
start
(is)
Past Past
Parti
ciple
start
-ed
(have)
started
wea (is) wore
r
wea
r-ing
(have)
worn
starting
Note
• The words is and have
are included in the
chart on the previous
slide because present
participle and past
participle verb forms
require helping verbs
(forms of be and have)
to form tenses.
As you can see
from their
names, the
principal parts
of a verb are
used to express
time.
Present Time
• She wears a blue
uniform.
• Ray has been
wearing his
baseball cap.
Past Time
• Yesterday, we
wore sweaters.
• I had worn
braces for
three months.
Future Time
• Jessica will wear her
new dress at the
party.
• By next spring, Joey
will have worn holes
in those shoes.
A verb that forms its
past and past participle
by adding –d or –ed is
called a regular verb.
A verb that forms its
past and past participle
differently is called an
irregular verb.
Regular Verbs
Base
Form
Wash
Hop
Use
Present Past
Past
Particip
Particip
le
le
(is)
washed (have)
washing
washed
(is)
Hopped (have)
hopping
hopped
(is)
using
used
(have)
used
Note
• Most regular verbs
that end in –e drop
the –e before adding
–ing. Some regular
verbs double the
final consonant
before adding –ing
or –ed.
Examples
Cause
Causing
Caused
Drop
Dropping
Dropped
One common
error in forming
the past or past
participle of a
regular verb is to
leave off the –d
or –ed ending.
Example
• NONSTANDARD:
Josh was suppose
to meet us here.
• STANDARD: Josh
was supposed to
meet us here.