Transcript 幻灯片1

Unit 4
Position of the object
1. One object
The object is mainly put behind the verb.
subject—> predicate —> object is the
usual order, but sometimes it has a free
position. For example:
① The object can be put in the
beginning of a sentence to
emphasize it.
e.g. What dull, old-fashioned leather
shoes he’s wearing!
Talent, Mike has; patience, he has
not.
② The object is preposed for a better
combination.
e.g.1 His carelessness had led him into
great error. That error he
determined to correct.
2 Jack fried two small pieces of fish.
3 One he fed to his cat, the other
he ate himself.
③ The object can be preposed as the
insert.
e.g. He found for the first time the
necessity of using it.
They saw playing in the garden a
group of children aged from six
to twelve.
④ The object has two different positions
behind verb phrases.
e.g. He tried out the machine./ He tried
the machine out.
I’ll put on the radio in a minute. / I’ll
put the radio on in a minute.
※ If the noun phrase is a little bit long,
the first position is often used.
e.g. She tried on half a dozen pairs of
shoes before she found a suitable one.
※ If the object is a pronoun, the second
order must be used.
eg: The bed is too strong, and you can’t
break it up.
2. Two objects
通常为 “间接宾语+直接宾语”
He doesn't own me anything.
She asked me whether I had been there
before.
I warned you he would be late.
Give me it./Give it to me.
They told us where to shop cheaply.
间接宾语后移, 间接宾语用to 或for 引出:
They give it to John.
He sold his old car to one of his neighbours.
I have bought some chocolate for you.
Give the dictionary to me, please.
用to侧重指动作的方向, 表示朝着,
向着, 对着某人。
用for 侧重指动作的受益者, 表示为
了某人, 替某人。
常跟双宾语的动词分类总结：
需借助to的: bring, give, lend, hand,
offer, pass, pay, promise, read, return,
send, show, teach, tell, ask, leave, mail,
throw, take, write,等。
需借助for的: build, buy, call, change,
cook, choose, do, draw, envy, fetch, find,
forgive, gain, get, make, order, play (演
奏), sing, save, spare, win等。
e.g. 1 Our teacher explains to us the
difficult points in the unit.
2 We disclosed to them the secret of
our invention.
3 They expressed to their teacher
their conviction that the experiment
was true.
4 The guide is describing the
scenic spots to the tourists.
Some verbs have to be used as set phrases
when followed by two objects.
e.g. He played me a trick.
He played a trick on me.
Won’t you play some folk songs for us?
有时为了形成对照或是为了突出重点, “介
词+间接宾语”也可移到主语的前面去：
To his daughter he sent a cheque of $50
but to his sun he sent only a cheap pen.
如果 “介词+间接宾语”比直接宾语短,
也可以直接放在谓语动词后：
He give to his friends much of the time
he should have given to his wife and
children.
一些句子中, “间接宾语+直接宾语”
不能变为“直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”：
He give the door a hard kick.
I never give the matter a thought.
She give him a warm smile.
This heroic deed cost him his life.
Exercises
Fill in the blanks using “to” or “for”.
1) Fifty dollars was advanced __
to him
on his salary before the work was
done.
2) You should never serve beef __
to a
Hindu.
3) You’d better do your best but
prepare yourself ___
for the worst.
4) I’ll send a postcard to
__ you while I
am away on holiday.
5) You come up to the City Hall
tonight and I’ll fix things ___you.
for
1. Can you explain ___________?
A. this problem to me
B. me this problem
C. to me problem
D. me problem
2. He made a new dress_____ his
wife and gave it ______ her on
her birthday.
A. to; for
B. for; to
C. for; for
D. to; to
3. Mr. Smith apologized ___ the
lady ___ what her son had done.
A. to; to
B. to; for
C. for; to
D. for; for
4. Read the letter and ____ him.
A. pass it on to
B. pass on it to
C. pass it for
D. pass it on
5. Which one is not right?_____
A. Will you do me a favour?
B. Will you do a favour for me?
C. Will you do a favour to me?
D. Will you do me the favour to
help me with my English?
6. The little boy wanted to have a
book at his birthday present, but
the cruel stepmother _____ him
his request.
A. refused
C. gave
B. answered
D. promised
7. Which of the following is not true? ___
A. Mr. Wang taught us physics last year.
B. Mr. Wang taught our physics last year.
C. Mr. Wang taught physics to us last
year.
D. We were taught physics by Mr. Wang
by last year.
1. Please remind me______ he said he
was going. I may be in time to see him
off.
（全国 I）
A. where
B. when
C. how
D. what
2. Choosing the right dictionary
depends on ______ you want to use
it for.
[2007 江苏卷]
A. what
B. why
C. how
D. whether