Transcript Lesson 43 Participles Used as Clauses

Lesson 43
Participles Used as Clauses
Latin II
Feb. 10-14, 2014
Perfect Passive Participles
(aka, “Party-ciples!!!”)
• A PARTICIPLE is a form of a verb that is
used as an adjective. The past participle
in English usually ends in –ed:
• e.g.: carried, beloved
• With other verbs, it is irregular:
• e.g.: shown, eaten, seen, heard.
Perfect Passive Participles
• Like adjectives, participles modify nouns.
• The baby, CARRIED by its mother, stopped
crying.
• “carried” modifies “baby”
• The sheets, EATEN by moths, were no longer
useful.
• “eaten” modifies “sheets”
• SEEN cheating by her boyfriend, the girl
decided now was as good a time as any to
break up.
• “seen” modifies “girl”
Perfect Passive Participles
• In Latin, the PERFECT PASSIVE
PARTICIPLE is the 4th PRINCIPAL PART of
the verb.
• It generally ends in –tus or –sus
All About Verbs
Each verb has 4 principal parts
porto
portare portavi portatus
First Person Present Active First Person
Singular
Infinitive
Singular
Present Active “to carry” Perfect Active
“I carry”
“I carried”
Perfect Passive
Participle
“having been carried”
or “carried”
Perfect Passive Participles
• Mitto, mittere, misi, MISSUS
• MISSUS: “sent” or “having been sent”
• These words decline in 1st/2nd
declensions just like any other
–us, -a, -um adjective. (but only the –us
ending is listed in your vocabulary)
Participles
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Examples:
cibus portatus:
“the carried food”
“the food having been carried”
litterae missae:
“the sent letter”
“the letter having been sent”
Translating Participles
• Let’s face it: “having been ----ed” is not a
smooth-sounding English translation!
• Participles are really common in Latin. But in
English, we can use a longer phrase to
translate the one-word Latin participles. It
will sound better!
lego, legere, legi, lectus: read
• lectus: “having been read”
• Librum lectum tibi donabo.
• I will give you the having-been-read book.
lego, legere, legi, lectus: read
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lectus: “having been read”
Librum lectum tibi donabo.
I will give you the book once it has been read.
l will give you the book after it has been read.
voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatus: call
• vocatus: “having been called”
• Pueri vocati ad casam ambulaverunt.
• The boys having been called walked to the
house.
voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatus: call
• vocatus: “having been called”
• Pueri vocati ad casam ambulaverunt.
• After they were called, the boys walked to the
house.
amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus: lose
• amissus: “having been lost”
• Milites amissam puellam invenerunt.
• The soldiers found the girl having been lost.
amitto, amittere, amisi, amissus: lose
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amissus: “having been lost”
Milites amissam puellam invenerunt.
The soldiers found the lost girl.
The soldiers found the girl who had been lost.
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus: scare
• territus: “having been scared”
• Populi territi fugerunt.
• The people having been scared ran away.
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus: scare
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territus: “having been scared”
Populi territi fugerunt.
The scared people ran away.
The people ran away because they were
scared.
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus: scare
• territus: “having been scared”
• Populi territi non fugerunt.
• The people having been scared did not run
away.
terreo, terrere, terrui, territus: scare
• territus: “having been scared”
• Populi territi non fugerunt.
• The people did not run away although they
were scared .
Practice!
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Textbook p. 295 (A) 1-5.
Latin AND English.
Turn in to the basket.
Due at end of the period, daily grade.
– 1.
– 2.
– 3.
– 4.
– 5.
provisum (provideo)
occupata (occupo)
moniti (moneo)---modifies the subject “we”
amissa (amitto)
monitus (moneo)
• Periculum provisum nos non terruit.
• Romani multa oppida occupata reliquerunt.
• Moniti vos de periculo consulere non
poteramus.