Transcript Parts of Sentences

Parts of Sentences
Subjects and Predicates
• Sentence: is a group of words that expresses a
complete thought.
• Subject : is the part of the sentence that
names whom or what the sentence is about.
• Predicate: is the part of the sentence that says
something about the subject.
Simple Subject and Simple Predicates
• Simple subject: is the key noun or pronoun
that tells who or what the sentence is about.
• Simple Predicate: is the verb or verb phrase
that expresses an action or state of being
about the subject of the sentence
•
Complete Subjects and Predicates
• Complete Subjects: consists of the simple
subject and all of the words that modify it.
• Complete Predicates: consists of the simple
predicate and all words that modify it or
complete its meaning.
Compound Subjects
• Compound subjects are made up of two or
more simple subjects that are joined by a
conjunction and have the same verb.
Examples:
Tomatoes and carrots are colorful vegetables.
Both the tomato and the pepper are rich in
vitamin C.
Compound Predicates
• Compound predicates (or compound verbs)
are made up of two or more verbs or verb
phrases that are joined by a conjunction and
have the same subject.
Examples:
Maria opened her book, grabbed a pencil, and
started her homework.
We have tested these products and have found
them good.
Some sentences may have both a compound
subject and a compound predicate.
Example:
Butterflies and hummingbirds dip and dart in
the air.
Order of Subject and Predicate
In English the subject comes BEFORE the verb in
MOST sentences. But there are SOME
exceptions:
• In commands and requests
• In questions
Commands and Requests
In commands and requests, the subject is
usually not stated. The predicate is the entire
sentence. The pronoun [YOU] is understood to
be the subject of the sentence.
Example: [YOU] Please be careful.
Questions
• Questions frequently begin with a verb or a
helping verb or the words who, whom, when,
where, why, when, and how.
• In order to find the subject of a question,
rearrange the words in the question to form a
statement.
Example:
Whom did he invite?
Was the test hard?
He did invite whom.
The test was hard.
• A sentence written in inverted order
(predicated then subject), serves to add
emphasis to the subject.
Example:
Here are my thoughts on the matter.
There is a chill in the air today.
Prepositional Phrases can NEVER be the subject
of a sentence.
Example:
On a cold night, the house gets very chilly.
Complements
• Complements is a word or group of words that
completes the meaning of a verb.
• There are 4 types of complements: direct
objects, indirect objects, object complements,
and subject complements.
Direct Objects
• Direct objects answer the question what? Or
whom?
• Example: Carl served dinner.
Carl served what? Ans. Dinner is the D.O.
Indirect Objects
• Indirect objects answer the questions
To whom?, For whom? ,To what? or For what?
After an action verb.
Example: Tim sent me a letter.
Tim sent what? Ans. Letter = D.O.
Tim sent a letter to whom? Ans. Me = I.O.
Object Complement
• An object complement answers the question
what? After a direct object. It completes the
meaning of the direct object by identifying or
describing it.
Object complements occur only sentences with
direct objects and only in those sentences with the
following action verbs or with similar verbs that
have the general meaning of “make” or “consider”
Appoint
Call
Choose
Consider
Elect
Find
Make
Name
Prove
Render
Think
Vote
An object complement usually follows a direct
object. I may be an adjective, a noun, or a
pronoun.
Examples:
Residents find the park peaceful. [Adj]
Maya appointed me spokesperson and
treasurer. [nouns]
My grandmother considers the property
hers. [pronoun]
Subject complements
A subject complement follows a linking verb and
identifies or describes the subject.
There are two kinds of subject complements:
predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives
A predicate nominative is a noun or a pronoun
that follows a linking verb and points back to the
subject to rename it or identify it further.
Example:
Sopranos are singers.
The star of the opera was she.
Many current opera stars are Italian.
Predicate adjectives follow linking verbs and
points back to the subject and further describe
it.
Examples:
Firefighters are brave.
Firefighters must be extremely careful.
Most firefighters are dedicated and hardworking.