Transcript K1-L1 Lecture Notes - Los Angeles City College

K1-L3 Lecture Notes
한국어 수업 [Korean Language Class]
Prof. Mickey Hong
Foreign Language & Humanities
K1-G3.1 Expressing possession:
있다/없다
• 있다/없다 which means to exist/to not exist, can
be use to express possession in the sense that
the item exists on you or doesn’t exist on you.
• 있으시다 (있으세요) is used to ask elders and
superiors if they have something.
• 계시다 (계세요) is used to talk about the
existence of elders and superiors, where they
are located and whether they exist.
Examples
1. A: 린다 씨, 한국어 사전이 있어요?
Linda, do you have Korean dictionary?
B: 아니오, 지금 없어요. 학교에 있어요.
No, I don't have it now. It's at school.
2. A: 선생님, 책이 있으세요?
Teacher, do you have a book?
B: 네, 있어요.
Yes, I have it.
3. A: 선생님, 시카고에 계세요 ?
Is the teacher in Chicago?
B: 아니오, 보스톤에 있어요.
No, she is in Boston.
Practice
1. 샌디 씨, 오늘 숙제가 있어요/있으세요/계세요?
Sandy, is there homework today?
샌디 씨, 오늘 숙제가 있어요/있으세요.
2. 부모님은 집에 있어요/있으세요/계세요.
The parents are at home.
부모님은 집에 계세요.
3. 아버지, 내일 시간이 있어요/있으세요/계세요?
Father, do you have time tomorrow?
아버지, 내일 시간이 있으세요?
4. 린다 씨, 동생이 있어요/있으세요/계세요?
Linda, do you have a younger sibling?
린다 씨, 동생이 있어요/있으세요?
바트는 스케이트보드가 있어요?
네, 있어요.
리사는 오빠가 있어요?
네, 있어요.
바트는 형이 있어요?
아니오, 없어요.
리사는 언니가 있어요?
아니오, 없어요.
리사는 색스폰이 있어요?
네, 있어요.
부모님은 어디 계세요?
스프링필드에 계세요.
K1-G3.2 Honorific ending: -(으)세요
• Polite informal honorific form is used to describe
someone older or higher than your social
status—their action or how they are
• On never uses honorific to describe one’s own
action or that of an inanimate things
• The same conjugation is used to make a polite
request
Examples
1. A: 선생님, 요즘 어떻게 지내세요?
Teacher, how are you doing these days?
B: 잘 지내요. 스티브는 요즘 어때요?
I’m doing well. How are you these days,
Steve?
2. 제 친구예요. 인사하세요.
It’s my friend. Please say hello.
3. A: 린다씨, 뭐 하세요?
Linda, what are you doing?
B: 숙제해요. 샌디씨는 뭐 하세요?
I’m doing homework. What are you doing, Sandy?
The polite informal
honorific/request form conjugation
If
I the verb or adjective stem ends in consonant,
add 으세요 if it ends in vowel, add 세요
가다
재미있다
넓다
공부하다
→ 가(v) + 세요
→ 가세요
→ 재미있(c) + 으세요 → 재미있으세요
→ 넓(c) + 으세요
→ 넓으세요
→ 공부하(v) + 세요 → 공부하세요
Irregular Honorific Verbs
알다 (to know) → 알아요 → 아세요
먹다 (to eat)
→ 먹어요 → 드세요
마시다 (to drink) → 마셔요 → 드세요
있다 (to exist) → 있어요 → 계세요
이다 (to be)
→ 이에요 → 이세요
예요
세요
G3.3 Object particles 을/를
• Object is a sentence element denoting
something involved in the subject’s verb
Simple Grammar Review &
Korean Particles
• In English, the word order makes all the
difference in the meaning of the sentence—
whether a noun is a subject or an object,
whether if it's a statement or question.
Korean: Subject Object Verb (SOV) language.
샌디가 아침 먹어요.
(S) (O) (V)
English: Subject Verb Object (SVO) language.
Sandy eats breakfast.
(S) (V) (O)
Breakfast eats Sandy.
(S)
(V) (O)
Sandy eats breakfast.
(S) (V)
(O)
Does Sandy eat breakfast?
• The word order does not change meaning in
Korean because the Verb or Adjective ALWAYS
comes in the end of a sentence and the Subject
and Object of a sentence is determined by
particles attached to the nouns.
• Primarily, there are 3 major particles: Topic, Subject, Object.
• Topic particles are: 은/는
(What the sentence is about, "As for")
• Subject particle: 이/가
(What or who is doing or being something)
• Object particle:
을/를
(something involved in what the subject is doing)
• Their usage will be discussed more extensively throughout the
course but before you must distinguish between a consonant/vowel
syllable to use the proper one from each pair.
Examples
1. 선생님이 커피를 드세요. O
(Subject) (Object) (Verb).
The teacher drinks coffee.
선생님을 커피가 드세요. X
(Object) (Subject) (Verb).
The teacher, the coffee drinks.
커피를 선생님이 드세요.
(Object) (Subject) (Verb). O
The coffee, the teacher drinks.
2. 오늘 텔레비전을 봐요.
I watch television today.
3. A: 동생이 뭐(를) 해요?
What is your younger sibling doing?
B: 아침을 먹어요.
S/he’s eating breakfast
저는
읽어요.
책을
바트는
만나요.
친구를
마이클은
공부해요.
한국어를
저는
내요.
숙제를
샌디는
마셔요.
쥬스를
스티브는
먹어요.
불고기를
뭐를 공부해요?
정치학을 공부해요.
경제학을 공부해요.
뭐를 먹어요?
파파이스를 먹어요.
교촌 치킨을 먹어요.
뭐를 마셔요?
코카 콜라를 마셔요.
펩시를 마셔요.
뭐를 봐요?
맘마미아를 봐요.
맥스페인을 봐요.
G3.4 Omission of particles
• Particles (topic, subject, object) are often
omitted in conversation, especially in
simple or yes-or-no questions and
answers
• When specifying “who does what to whom
and when and where,” particles may be
necessary
Examples
1. 저는 오늘 친구를 만나요. (Statement)
I meet (my) friend today.
2. A: 오늘 뭐 하세요?
What are you doing today? (General/simple question)
B: 친구 만나요.
I am meeting my friend.
A: 친구 이름이 뭐예요?
What is (your) friend’s name? (Specific question)
B: 리사예요.
It’s Lisa.
3. A: 누가 텔리비전을 봐요?
Who is watching TV? (Specific question)
B: 캘빈이 봐요.
Calvin is watching TV.
4. A: 스티브 씨, 여자 친구 있어요?
Steve, do you have a girlfriend? (Yes-or-no question)
B: 아니오, 없어요.
No, I don’t.
*Changing the topic of conversation:
그런데
• It is used to change the topic of
conversation
• As conjunction, it means “But/However…”
Examples
1. A: 스티브 씨, 오래간만이에요.
B: 네, 오래간만이에요.
A: 그런데, 백화점에서 뭐 하세요?
2. A: 3시에 친구를 만나요.
B: 그런데, 지금 몇 시예요?
3. 내일이 여자친구 생일이에요. 그런데, 돈이
없어요.
1. Korean language study is fun.
But/However, there is a lot of homework.
한국어 공부는 재미있어요.
그런데 숙제가 많아요.
2. A: There are a lot of words in lesson 4.
B: Yes, it is so. By the way, is there a test
today?
A: 사과에 단어가 아주 많아요.
B: 네, 그래요. 그런데 오늘 시험이
있어요?
3. A: Tomorrow is Sandy's birthday. Are you going
to the party?
B: Yes, I’m going. By the way, How is her older
sister doing these days?
A: 내일이 샌디 생일이에요. 파티에
가세요?
B: 네, 가요. 그런데 샌디 언니는 요즘 어때요/
어떻게 지내요.