Transcript Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds and Infinitives
Gerunds
A gerund is a verbal that ends in -ing
and functions as a noun.
However, since a gerund functions as a
noun, it occupies some positions in a
sentence that a noun ordinarily would,
for example: subject, direct object,
subject complement, and object of
preposition.
As a subject
• Traveling might satisfy your desire for
new experiences.
• The study abroad program might
satisfy your desire for new
experiences. (The gerund has been
removed.)
As a direct object
• They do not appreciate my
singing.
• They do not appreciate my
assistance. (The gerund has been
removed)
As object of preposition
• The police arrested him for
speeding.
• The police arrested him for
criminal activity. (The gerund has
been removed.)
After verb forms
• My cat's favorite activity is
sleeping.
• My cat's favorite food is salmon.
(The gerund has been removed.)
Verbs
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Can’t help
Can’t stand
Feel like
It’s no use
Be/get used to
Look forward to
Spend (time)
Don’t mine/would mine
Infinitives
An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the
word to plus a verb (in its simplest "stem"
form) and functioning as a noun, adjective,
or adverb.
However, the infinitive may function as a
subject, direct object, subject complement,
adjective, or adverb in a sentence.
As a subject
• To wait seemed foolish when
decisive action was required.
• To leave now would be a mistake.
As an indirect object
• After verbs like:
Advice
Invite
Tell
Warn
Teach
Persuade
• She persuade me to join the team.
After some adjectives
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Busy
Happy
Ready
Tired
…
• I’m too tired to go out.
After some adverbs
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Slowly
Fast
Low
High
…
• He ran to slowly to win the race.
After some verbs
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Agree
Appear
Seem
Choose
Decide
Expect
Hope
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Learn
Manage
Plan
Promise
Refuse
Want
Wish
Did you manage to finish your project on time?
Without to
• Some verbs of perception (hear, feel,
see, let, make…) go with the infinitive
but without to:
I saw Jim leave the office.
My parents don’t let me stay out late.
Gerunde or Infinitive?
• In verbs like begin, propose, forbbid,
intend or start, it doesn’t matter if you put
gerunde or infintive.
I started to use/using the Internet about
two years ago.
Gerunde or Infinitive?
• Stop + Gerunde = Stop a habit
My father stopped smoking last month.
• Stop + Infinitive = Interrupt an action
Can we stop to have some coffee?
• Remember + Gerunde = Something in the
past
I don’t remember talking to her before.
• Remember + Infinitive = Important things in
the future
Remember to call Jane before you go.
Gerunde or Infinitive?
• Regret + Gerunde = Lament/be sorry for
something in the past.
He regrets breaking up with Helen.
• Regret + Infinitive = Bad news.
I regret to tell you that we can’t accept your
proposal.
• Forget + Gerunde = Negative clauses.
I will never forget visiting Pisa.
• Forget + Infinitive = Forget to do something.
I forgot to tell you.
Exercises
Workbook: Pg 19: 7
Exercises
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7:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
To know
Reading
To go
To be
Telling
Being
Making/To make
Learning
MAROON 5
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMvVWC
kvv4M
Done by:
Maria Blasco Lorente
Alexandra Janas