Transcript Infinitive or Gerund - IMPROVE YOUR ENGLISH

INFINITIVE OR GERUND
THE GERUND
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* The gerund( also called verbal noun )
refers to the usage of a verb (in its -ing
form) as a noun.
THE INFINITIVE
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The infinitive of a verb is its basic form
with or without the particle “to”:
therefore, “do” and “to do” , “go” and
“to go” , …
1/ SOME VERBS ARE
NORMALLY FOLLOWED BY
THE GERUND:
acknowledge , admit , adore ,
anticipate , appreciate , avoid ,
celebrate, confess , contemplate , delay,
deny, describe, detest, discuss , dislike ,
dread , endure , enjoy , fancy , finish,
imagine , involve , keep, justify ,
mention, mind , miss , omit, postpone ,
practise , quit , recall ,report , resent ,
resume , risk , suggest , tolerate ,
understand , feel like, …
For example:
* Peter adores playing computer
games, but he detests watching TV.
* I enjoy going out with my parents.
* The thief admitted having stolen the
car.
* My Mom dislikes eating fast food.
2/ SOME VERBS ARE NORMALLY
FOLLOWED BY THE INFINITIVE :

afford , agree , appear , arrange , ask ,
attempt , care , choose , claim , come,
consent , dare, decide, demand, deserve,
determine, elect, endeavour, expect, fail,
get, guarantee, hate, hesitate, hope,
hurry, incline, intend, learn, long,
manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare,
pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, say,
seem, tend, threaten, want, wish …
For example:
* I can’t afford to buy this laptop.
* The two countries agreed to settle
their conflict peacefully.
* Don’t hesitate to ask for help if you
have any problem.
* I failed to do the task by myself.
3/ SOME VERBS CAN BE FOLLOWED
BY EITHER THE GERUND OR THE
INFINITIVE:
A/With little or no change in meaning:
begin, continue, hate, like, love, neglect,
prefer, start, recommend, …
For example:
* I like playing / to play chess.
* Our teacher hates being / to be asked
silly questions.
B/With a change in meaning :
forget, remember, stop, try, regret, go on,
mean …
For example:
1/ *I stopped to talk to him. ( interrupt an
activity in order to do something else)
*I stopped talking to him. ( finish an action in
progress )
2/ *I remember closing the door. ( I closed it
and now I remember)
*I remembered to close the door. ( I had
to close it, so I did )
3/ *I regret telling you the bad news. ( I
told you and now I’m sorry about it )
*I regret to tell you the bad news. ( I am
sorry that I have to tell you the bad news)
4/ *He stopped for a while and then went
on talking. ( continued with the same thing)
*The students finished reading the text
and then went on to answer the questions.
( started doing something new)
4/ Expressions followed by the gerund:
_ The gerund is used after prepositions.
I look forward to hearing from you..
Are you thinking of attending the maths evening classes.
_ It’s no use pretending you didn’t see me.
_ It’s no good insisting. He won’t accept.
_ It’s (not) worth watching this movie.
_ There’s no point in shouting at her. She is deaf.
_ Go climbing/ swimming/ skiing/ fishing/ sailing/ shopping...
5/ Expressions followed by the infinitive:
_ After WH words: I didn’t know what to do. / I didn’t know
where to go.
_ After superlatives: London is the best place to visit abroad.
_ After too + adjectives: Tom is too short to play basketball.
_ After adjective + enough: She is not old enough to vote.
_ After every/some/any/no + body/where/thing: There was
nowhere to park. / I felt bored because I had nothing to do.
_ Purpose: He went to the airport to see his father off
PRACTICE ACTIVITY
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive):
1/ Suddenly everybody stopped …………………… ( talk ). There was silence.
2/ It isn't cold enough ………………..……. ( wear ) a jacket.
3/ You can improve your English by ……………….……… ( read ) more.
4/ I live only a short walk from here. It isn't worth …………….………. ( take ) a
taxi.
5/ It was late, so we decided …………………. ( take ) a taxi.
6/ When I'm tired, I enjoy ………………..…… ( watch ) TV.
7/ There is an interesting article on the paper today. It's worth
………………........... ( read)
8/ David was in a difficult situation, so I decided ……...……… ( lend ) him some
money.
9/ Peter adores ………………...… ( play ) cards with his friends.
10/ I left the door open. I didn't remember ………………..…….( close ) it.
11/ I ran 10km without …………………..….. ( stop ).
12/ Sandra has got a good camera but she doesn't know how
………………..……….. ( use ) it.
ANSWERS
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1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
6/
talking
to wear
reading
taking
to take
watching
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7/ reading
8/ to lend
9/ playing
10/ to close
11/ stopping
12/ to use
THANK YOU AND GOOD LUCK