Transcript Adjectives and Adverbs - Kenston Local Schools

Mrs. Cingcade
Mrs. Horn
Mrs. Miller
 Copy

down this sentence on your handout:
The car was parked by the house.
 Now,
copy this sentence down in your
handout:

Two shiny green cars were parked outside the
two story, red house.

Which sentence was easier to create a more accurate
picture?


What words helped describe in the second sentence?






WHY?
Shiny
Green
Two
Two story
Red
Adjectives help make our writing more descriptive,
which can help readers get a better understand of
what you are writing.

School House Rock Video
http://youtu.be/Mum1-Nyu4Ps
•
Adjectives describe:
•
•
•
•
PEOPLE
PLACES and
THINGS
An adjective is a word that describes a noun
or a pronoun.
•
•
Adjectives describe, or modify, nouns in
three ways.
They answer the questions:
•
What kind?
•
•
How many?
•
•
We studied ancient history.
I read three chapters over Thanksgiving Break!
Which one?
•
That invention changed the world.
•
Most adjectives come before the nouns the
modify (describe).
•
But…..
•
Sometimes they will come after the linking verb.
This is called the predicate adjective.
•
Remember this term from our verbs unit? 
Example:
These examples are important.
Linking verb  are
Predicate adjective important
- important describes the
noun examples
 Proper


Adjectives
Proper Adjectives are adjectives formed from
proper nouns (specific people, places, and
things).
Proper Adjectives are capitalized just like we
capitalize our proper nouns.

The first example is done for you. Try the second
and third on your own.
Forming Proper Adjectives
Proper Noun
Proper Adjective
Oranges from Florida
Florida Oranges
A symphony by Mozart
Food from Italy
 Now
let’s apply all that we have talked about
today!
 Activity
Day 1
Listen to the song and watch the video below. Think about all
we talked about yesterday and complete the worksheet that
goes along with this video.

The words:


A, an, and the
They fall under the adjective category, but are called
articles.
The points to a specific item or items.
 A and an refer to any one item of a group.




Use A- before word beginning with a consonant
Use An- before word beginning with a vowel or a vowel sound
EXAMPLES:

Mr. Fromwiller is the head of the 8th Grade D.C. trip.

Getting a good grade on your report card is an accomplishment
to be proud of!
 The

words:
This, that, these and those are called
demonstrative adjectives.

They are used to point out something.
 Examples:




Take this pencil to class.
Take these glasses to read your book.
That book was fantastic!
Those snowflakes are lovely.
 THIS

and THAT
Use with SINGULAR nouns (only one)
 THESE

and THOSE
Use with plural nouns (more than one)
--------------------------------------------------------- THIS and THESE

Point out something that is close to you
 THAT

and THOSE
Point out something that is far from you
A
chart to help you remember!
Demonstratives
SINGULAR
PLURAL
NEAR
This
These
FAR
That
those
Demonstratives:
Can be use WITH or WITHOUT nouns. When they are
use ALONE (without a noun), they are called demonstrative
pronouns.
EXAMPLES (Demonstrative Pronouns):
This is mine.
These are for you.
 Articles

and Demonstratives
Let’s put to use all that we learned today and try
some activities along with our lesson!
 Intro
Activity
 Read
the sentences below. Find the errors
and see if you can correct them.
 It
was the interestingest art show I have
seen. The gallery was more smaller than the
other one I visited. I think Mrs. Seitz’s
paintings were beautifuller than any of the
others.
 It
was the interestingest art show I have
seen. The gallery was more smaller than the
other one I visited. I think Mrs. Seitz’s
paintings were beautifuller than any of the
others.
 Interestingest
 More
 ____________________
smaller  ____________________
 Beautifuller
 _____________________

We use adjectives to compare different things.
Dependending on what we are comparing, our
adjectives will change form.
1st type of Adjective that compares
 Comparitive form  an adjective that compares
two things or people



1 syllable adjective  add –er to end
2 or more syllabes  add the word more before
adjective
EXAMPLES:

Adjective: Large – How many syllables? _____


Is Auburn ___________ than Bainbridge?
Adjective: Beautiful – How many syllables? _____

Is United States _______ ___________ than Canada?
2nd type of Adjective that compares
 Superlative Form  an adjective compares more
than two things or people
1 syllable  add –est to end of word
 2 or more syllables  add the word most before
adjective


Examples:

Adjective: Rich – How many syllables? ____


Is Bill Gates the ________ man in America?
Adjective: Successful – How many syllables? ____

Bill Gates is one of the _______ ____________ men in
America today!

Do not use more or most before adjectives that
already are in comparative or superlative form.
A few examples are done for you. Try
completing the rest chart on your own.
Comparative and Superlative Forms
Adjective
Comparitive
Superlative
Small
Smaller
Smallest
More active
Most active
Dark
Active
Intelligent
 Let’s
put all that we learned to day to use.
 Activity Day 3
 Beginning

Activity
Complete the following sentences with the
correct form of good.
 Sarah
had a ______ vacation at her
grandmother’s house.
 Who
 Of
do you think is the _______ singer of all?
the two IR books, which do you think is
the ______?
Let’s see how we did!

Sarah had a good vacation at her grandmother’s
house.

Who do you think is the best singer of all?

Of the two IR books, which do you think is the better?

OH NO!! Adjectives like GOOD do not follow the rules
we talked about yesterday for comparative and
superlative forms.

We are going to take a look today at special adjectives
that compare!
 The
comparative and superlative forms of
some adjectives are not formed in the
regular manner (as we just saw from our
example).



Harriet Tubman believed in a good cause.
She knew that freedom was better than slavery.
The Underground Railroad was the best route to
freedom.
 In


these sentences:
better is the comparative form of the adjective
good
Best is the superlative form of good.
Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms
Adjective
Comparative
Superlative
Good
Better
Best
Bad
Worse
Worst
Much, many
More
Most
Little
Less
Least
REMEMBER: Do not use more or most before irregular adjectives that
are already in the comparative or superlateive form.
Example:
Tubman felt better at the end of the day. (not more better)
 Day
4 Activity!
 Introduction
 Schoolhouse
Video
Rock:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7wnT8i
iR8w
 Adjectives-
words that modify (describe) a
noun or pronoun
 Adverbs-
words that modify (describe) a
verb, adjective, or another adverb
 Example:

Thomas Jefferson entertained grandly at the
White House.
 In
this example grandly describes the action
verb entertained
 Adverbs
answer three types of questions:
Ways Adverbs Modify Verbs
Adverbs Tell:
Examples:
HOW
Grandly, royally, quickly
WHEN
Rarely, later, immediately, often,
usually
WHERE
Downstairs, below, here
 When
modifying an adjective or another
adverb:

Adverb comes before the word.
 When

modifying a verb:
An adverb will be in many different places in
relationship to the verb it is modifying
Positioning of Adverbs
Position:
Examples:
Before the verb
Guests often visit us during the holidays.
After the verb
Guests visit us often during the holidays.
At the beginning
Often guests visit us during the holidays.
At the end
Guests visit us during the holidays often.
 Most
adverbs are formed by adding -ly to an
adjective.

actively, fondly, quietly
 Some

exceptions include:
After, often, now, and later
 Adverbs
Day 1 Activity
 Adverbs


often modify:
Adjectives
other adverbs
 An
adverb is added to intensify the meaning
of the adjective and most often tell how.
 Examples:
 Harry

Truman used extremely direct language.
He became a very popular president.

Adverbs often modify:
Adjectives
 other adverbs


An adverb is added to intensify the meaning of
the adjective and most often tell how.

Examples modifying Adjectives:

Harry Truman used extremely direct language.

He became a very popular president.
 Adverbs
 Truman

entered politics unusually late in life.
Unusually modifies the adverb late.

 He

modifying other adverbs:
It tells how late Truman entered politics
moved through the political ranks quite quickly.
Quite modifies the adverb quickly

It tells how quickly Truman moved through the ranks
 When
adverbs modify an adjective or another
adverb they almost always come before the word
they describe (modify)
Adverbs often used to describe
adjectives and other adverbs
very
really
rather
just
too
so
nearly
somewhat
almost
partly
barely
totally
quite
extremely
unusually
hardly
 Day
2 activity
 Just
like adjectives compare, so do adverbs!
Let’s review our definitions:
 Comparative
Compares two actions or things
 Superlative
Compares more than two actions or things
 Most


adverbs of one syllable:
Add-er (comparative)
Add – est (superlative)
Comparing One-Syllable Adverbs
Comparative Evan worked longer on his drawing than
Jack.
Superlative
Franklin Roosevelt served longest of
any president.
 Adverbs
that end in –ly OR more have than
one syllable:


Add more (comparative)
Add most (superlative)
Comparing Two-Syllable Adverbs
Comparative Our class studied verbs more
thoroughly than adjectives.
Superlative
We studied conjunctions most
thoroughly of all.
 Adverb
Already in the
comparative/superlative form:

DO NOT add more or most
 NEVER
SAY: MORE WORSE or MOST WORST
Irregular Comparative Forms
ADVERB
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
well
better
best
badly
worse
worst
little (amount)
less
least
far (distance)
farther
farthest
far (degree)
further
furthest
 Day
3 activity

It can be hard to tell whether a word is an adjective or
an adverb.

LOOK CAREFULLY!!


Audrey was happy it was snowing.

Happy is a predicate adjective in this sentence



How is the word used?
It follows linking verb  was
It modifies subject  Audrey (noun)
Tyler played happily in the snow.

Happily is an adverb in this sentence

It modifies the verb  lived
 Confusing
adjectives and adverbs:
 bad  Adjective, badly  adverb
 Good  Adjective, well  adverb

**Unless if well is used after linking verb to
describe a person’s health or well being. Then it
is an adjective.
Distinguishing adjectives from adverbs
Adjective
Adverb
The milk is bad.
Mrs. Cingcade sang badly.
Mrs. Miller’s voice sounds
good.
Mrs. Horn played piano well.
 Confusing
adjectives and adverbs:
 real  Adjective, really  adverb
 sure  Adjective, surely adverb
 Most  Adjective OR Adverb almost  adverb
Distinguishing adjectives from adverbs
Adjective
Adverb
Music is a real art.
Music is really popular.
A pianist needs sure hands,
Piano music is surely popular.
Most pianos have eighty-eight
keys.
Piano strings almost never
break.
 Day
4 Activity
 The

 It
adverb not:
Is a negative word
expresses the idea of “no” in a sentence
 It
is often used in a shorted form -n’t (as a
contraction)
Contractions with not
is not (isn’t)
cannot (can’t)
have not (haven’t)
was not (wasn’t)
could not (couldn’t)
had not (hadn’t)
were not (weren’t)
do not (don’t)
would not (wouldn’t)
will not (won’t)
did not (didn’t)
should not (shouldn’t)
 Words

other than not:
May not be used express the negative
 Each
negative word has several opposites
(affirmative words) that show the idea of
“yes” Negative and Affirmative words
NEGATIVE
AFFIRMATIVE
never
ever, always
nobody
anybody, somebody
none
one, all, some, any
no one
everyone, someone
nothing
something, anything
nowhere
somewhere, anywhere

Sometimes people mistakenly use two negative words
together.

Example:


Lincoln hadn’t never gone to college.
When you use two negative word this creates what is
a called a double negative.

You only need ONE negative word to express a negative
idea.

Correct the example sentence by removing one of the
negative words or by replacing it with an affirmative
word:

Lincoln had never gone to college.
Lincoln had not ever gone to college.

 Day
5 activity