Transcript Document

牛津高中英语
(模块九 ·高三上学期)
Unit
4
Grammar and usage
Analysis of complicated sentences
板块：教学设计—课件
Unit 4
Description：
The grammar item in this unit
focuses on how to analyze
complicated sentences. This lesson
will help students revise what simple
sentences, compound sentences,
complex sentences and complexcompound sentences are and their
structures.
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What makes a sentence?
• Subject is what the sentence
is about.
• Predicate tells us something
about the subject and always
include a verb.
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Identify the subjects and the
predicates of the following sentences.
1) We will have an exam next week.
S
P
2) The hunter got lost in the jungle
S
P
3) Islam was started about 1400 year
S
P
ago by a man called Muhammad.
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Members of sentences
To be specific, the members of sentences
include S (subject 主语),
P (predicate or predicate verb 谓语或谓语动
词
O( object 宾语），
C ( complement 补语)，
A( attribute 定语)， A( adverbial 状语)，
A( appositive 同位语).
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Study the sentences and find out
how many subjects and predicates
each sentence has.
1) The guest has just arrived.
2) Mr. Black is English.
3) Mr. Black is a doctor.
4) She picked a flower.
5) The teacher taught us a new song.
6) Parents should encourage their children
to get close to nature.
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simple sentence
structure : subject + predicate
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Identify the sentence patterns
1) The guest has just arrived.
SV
2) Mr. Black is English.
SVC
3) Mr. Black is a doctor.
SVC
4) She picked a flower.
SVO
5) The teacher taught us a new song. SVOO
6) Parents should encourage their children
to get close to nature.
SVOC
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Put the following words into sentences
1) turned trees green. (SVC)
2) the car in the end stopped (SV)
3) the left the open visitor gate (SVOC)
Answers:
1)Trees turned green.
2) The car stopped in the end.
3)The visitor left the gate open.
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4) he is looking for his glasses (SVO)
5) my birthday me friend a present gave
(SVOO)
4) He is looking for his glasses.
5) My friend gave me a birthday present.
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Study the sentences and find out how
they are different from simple
sentences.
1）There are many idioms used in English
and quite a few of them come from the
Bible.
2) ‘By and by’ now means ‘before long’, but
in the Bible, it was used to mean
‘immediately’.
3）Take a map with you, and you will find
your way easily.
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4）Take a map with you, or you’ll get lost.
5）Nobody answered the door, so I left.
6）Some people have everything while
others have none.
7）Not only did he believe the story but also
he persuaded others to believe it.
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compound sentence
• Structure :
• subject + predicate + and/but/or/for
+subject + predicate
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Combine the two simple sentences
1) 1.Pure
Pure salt
salt
will
will
not
not
lose
lose
itsits
flavour.
flavourImpure
but
salt
impure
will lose
salt will
its flavour.
(lose its(but)
flavour).
arean
animportant
importantpart
partofoflanguage.
2) 2.Idioms
Idioms are
language
and they
are used from
in literature
They
are used
in everything
everything
literature (and)
to films
to
films andfrom
newspapers.
and
newspapers.
3) Would you like to hand in another paper?
Shall
I give
or)in
3.Would
youyou
likeantoF?(
hand
another paper or shall I give you
an F?
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4) The day breaks. The birds are singing. ( for)
The day breaks, for the birds are singing.
5) He studied hard. He got high marks. ( thus)
He studied hard, thus he got high marks.
6) Think it over. You will find a way out. (and)
Think it over and you will find a way out.
7) This problem is very important. It is difficult to
solve.( Not only… but also…)
Not only is this problem very important
but also it is difficult to solve.
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Compare the following two sentences
and tell the structures of them.
An idiom is a
group of words or an expression
1)and the meaning of the expression
2)whose meaning
often cannot be understood by looking
at the meanings of the separate words
in it.
.
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more examples:
1) Unless you recognize when an idiom is
being used, you can easily misunderstand
the meaning of a sentence.
(Underlined part serves as the adverbial.)
2）The text goes on to say that if salt
loses its flavour, then it should be
thrown away, meaning that if you are
not honest, then you are worth nothing.
( Both of the underlined parts serve as objects.)
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complex sentence
Structure:
main clause + subordinate clause
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Activity: Find complex sentences
from the text.
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Study the clauses in the sentence
People who follow this religion study
subordinate clause
Buddhist sutras
and they follow the teachings of Buddha.
coordinate clause
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complex-compound sentence
Structure:
the simple sentence + and/but/or
+the complex sentence
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The general structure of sentences:
• the simple sentence: subject + predicate
• the compound sentence: subject
+predicate +and/but/or/for + subject
+predicate
• the complex sentence:
main clause + subordinate clause
• the complex-compound sentence:
the simple sentence + and/but/or
+the complex sentence
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Exercise A
Answers:
1. c
2. a
3. d
4. c
5. c
6. c
7. b
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Exercise B
1. One English proverb is ‘the early bird
catches the worm’, which is frequently
used to talk about hard work being the
key to succeed.
2. The proverb ‘ great minds think alike, but
fools seldom differ’ is very famous
although it is usually shortened to ‘great
minds think alike.’
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Exercise B
3.The proverb ‘ don’t count your chickens
until they are hatched’ means ‘don’t count
on something going well until it happens’,
and this proverb is very popular.
4. The proverb ‘ make hay while the sun
shines’ is very old, and it comes from the
old days when people all worked on farms.
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Homework
Exercises C1, C2 In Workbook P128
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