Transcript Phrases & Clauses

FALL 2009
Lit. Analysis Grammar
•Clauses
•Title Punctuation
•Coordinating Conjunctions
•Subordinating Conjunctions
I. Clauses
• Contains a subject and a verb
• There are two different types.
Type One: Dependent
• Also known as “subordinate.”
• It contains BOTH a subject and a verb, but does NOT
express a complete thought
• It cannot stand alone, and beg the questions: “What?”
“When?”, “Where?, “Why?,“How?”, and “Who?”
Examples:
• When Todd was little
• If you were right
• Whenever I hurry to school
See. .. these are fragments…they do NOT express a
complete thought!!!!!
STOP…
• Take three minutes to find
ONE dependent clause in the
rough draft of your literary
analysis!
Type Two: Independent
• Contains a subject & a verb
• It also expresses a complete thought!
• It CAN stand alone as a sentence!!!
Examples:
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The air deodorizer is gone.
The ten of hearts is missing from the deck.
I live down the street.
See….these are all complete sentences!
Now you Try!
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If the mail has come.
Mike carried the apple box.
When the door opened.
Stop and see us.
We washed the car.
While you were out.
STOP…
• Take three minutes to find
ONE independent clause in
the rough draft of your
literary analysis!
II. TITLE PUNCTUATION
• As a general rule, any short/smaller work of literature
is punctuated with quotation marks. This includes:
– Short stories
– Song Titles
– Poems
– Chapters
- Articles
- Skits
- Essays
STOP…
• Take two minutes to ensure
that EVERY mention of your
short story is in quotations,
rather than underlined or
italicized.
III. Coordinating Conjunctions
• Conjunction – joins words, phrases and
clauses
• Remember the following acronym:
– FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet,
so)
• When using a coordinating conjunction, use
a comma before the conjunction if
necessary!
STOP…
• Take three minutes to identify
two coordinating conjunctions
appropriately used in your rough
draft. Remember, they will
usually be preceded by a comma!
IV. Subordinating Conjunctions
• Subordinating conjunctions are words
that connect an independent clause with a
dependent clause.
Commonly used subordinating
conjunctions:
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After
Since
Where
If
In order that /for
Whenever
Because
Until
When
While
- Although
- Wherever
- Before
- Now that
- Only if
- Whether or not
- Even if
- As
- Unless
STOP…
• Take five minutes to find
TWO subordinating
conjunctions in the rough
draft of your essay.