Transcript Document

How to make commands
in Spanish.
First of all, commands in Spanish come
in two kinds:
formal and informal.
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Por ejemplo:
* Formal commands are used to talk to older or respected
people.
* Familiar or informal commands are used to talk to a friend
or a pet.
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To make a formal command :
Start with the "yo" form of the present
tense verb.
Examples:
Hablar = Hablo
Comer = Como
Vivir = Vivo
Tener = Tengo
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Drop the "O"
Examples:
Hablar = Hablo = Habl__
Comer = Como = Com__
Vivir = Vivo = Viv__
Tener = Tengo = Teng__
4
Add opposite endings.
That means, for -ar verbs you are going to
be adding an -e if you are talking to one
person and an -en if you are talking to more
than one person.
Examples:
Ud.
Uds.
Hablar = Hablo = Habl_ = Hable / Hablen
*Pensar = Pienso = Piens_ = Piense / Piensen
* Stem changing verb e-ie.
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Add opposite endings.
For -er and -ir verbs you are going
to be adding an -a if you are talking
to one person and an -an if you are
talking to more than one.
For example:
Ud.
Uds.
Comer = Como = Com_ = Coma / Coman
Vivir = Vivo = Viv_ = Viva / Vivan
Tener = Tengo =Teng_ = Tenga / Tengan
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To make a negative formal
command , add a no before the
command and an n to the ending if
plural.
For example: Ud.
Ud.
Uds.
Comer = Coma = No coma = No coman
Vivir = Viva = No viva = No vivan
Tener = Tenga = No tenga = No tengan
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Of course, there are some
irregular formal commands.
They are:
Ser
Ir
Dar
Estar
Ud.
(no) sea
(no) vaya
(no) dé
(no) esté
Uds.
(no) sean
(no) vayan
(no) den
(no) estén
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Commands are often used when giving
directions. These are some useful
verbs and expressions for giving
directions.
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Commands are often used when giving
directions. These are some useful verbs
and expressions for giving directions.
seguir derecho hasta..
to keep going straight to…
Siga(n) derecho hasta la
esquina…
subir/bajar…hasta llegar a Baje(n) la calle hasta
to go up/down…until you get to
llegar al museo.
Remember other expressions we already
learned.
Hay que, deber, tener que
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To make an informal command, start
with the "tú" form of the present
tense verb.
Examples:
tú
Hablar = Hablas
Correr = Corres
Vivir = Vives
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Drop the "s". That's it!
You've got your informal
command!
Examples:
Hablar = Hablas = Habla
Correr = Corres = Corre
Vivir = Vives
= Vive
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To make an informal command
negative, drop the "O". Add
opposite endings.
Examples:
Hablar
Comer
Vivir
= no hables
= no comas
= no vivas
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Review these informal
command forms.
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These are the irregular informal
commands. They are not irregular
in the negative, or formal.
Venir = Ven = No vengas = Venga(n)
Tener = Ten = No tengas = Tenga(n)
Poner = Pon = No pongas = Ponga(n)
Salir
= Sal = No salgas = Salga(n)
Hacer = Haz = No hagas = Haga(n)
Decir = Di = No digas = Diga(n)
= Vea(n)
Ir
= Ve = No veas
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
No venga(n)
No tenga(n)
No ponga(n)
No salga(n)
No haga(n)
No diga(n)
No vea(n)
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Commands with pronouns
Object and reflexive pronouns are attached to
the end of affirmative commands. For negative
commands, they are placed just before the verb.
-¿Todavía necesitan dinero?
- Sáquenlo del cajero automático.
No se bajen del autobús aquí.
Dele el periódico y el café al señor García.
For charts, go to page R34 (at the end of
the book). Imperative mood (commands).16
Vamos a terminar
ahora…
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