Transcript -ing or to
-ing or to ? Using „to“ When to use the infinitive The infinitive form is used after certain verbs: agee happen mean seem decide want promise mean expect, would like allow refuse hope agree afford manage need encourage decide pretend pleased POZOR! I happen to know it. Náhodou to viem. Do you happen to know it? The negative is formed by adding not before the verb: He decided to buy a new car. He decided not to buy a new car. Using – ing /gerund Verbs followed by -ing form avoid enjoy fancy keep can´t face like feel like spend (time) can´t help hate imagine suggest can´t stand prefer insist on to be interested in look forward to can´t deny mind carry on I look forward to meeting you next week. I don’t mind staying late. I really enjoy travelling abroad. After each preposition I am good at singing. She is bored with doing the same things every day. After doing my HW, I went out. At the beggining of the sentence – slovesné pod. meno Reading is my hobby. NEGATIVES: not -ing. I suggest not going there. Navrhujem nechodiť tam. (, aby sme tam nešli.) Verbs + infinitive without „to“ The verbs make and let are followed by an object and the infinitive without „to“ She wanted to go home, but her boss made her stay until the work was finished. My boss let me have the afternoon off to go to my sister’s wedding. Let me know it. It makes me smile. Verbs + infinitive without „to“ The verb of perception (see, watch, notice, hear, listen, feel) are followed by infinitive without „to“ or by -ing form (gerund). I saw him paint/paintingthe cheque. We heard them sing/singing. I watched them playing football. Infinitive or -ing Quiz 1We like ...... (visit) our grandmother on Sundays. 2 I want ......(borrow)your Science notes. 3My father hates....(wear) a tie to work. 4We can't afford....(take) a vacation this summer. 5 She spends time .... (do) crazy things. 6The company was pleased .....(receive)your thank-you letter. 7 Would you mind ..... (open) a window? 8 My parents don´t let us ...... (watch) that horror. 9She cannot leave the table without .....(finish) her dinner. 10The music will continue.....(play)until you turn it off. 11 My little brother dislikes .... (have)his hair brushed. 12 Last week we saw them .... (steal) money from the people. Answer on slide No 9 Some verbs can be followed by either -ing form or the infinitive and the meaning of the verb changes. Here are some common examples: REMEMBER – I remembered sending the letter. Pamätal som si, že som poslal list. ALE: I remembered to send the letter. Pamätal som, si(nezabudol som poslať list) STOP- I stopped to smoke. Zastavil som sa, aby som si zafajčil. ALE: I stopped smoking. Prestal som fajčiť. FORGET 1. (memory) I forgot meeting her last year. Zabudol som, že som ju minulý rok stretol. 2. (action) Yesterday I forgot to go to the shop. So I must go there today. Včera som zabudol ísť do obchodu. POZOR!!! I prefer + ing (working) - preferences (I prefer working abroad to being unemployed I would prefer + to (work) I would prefer to leave now rather than wait. I like dancing or to dance. I would like to dance. Do you feel like ______________________________ (go) to the theatre on Friday? I spent a lot of time ______________________________ (make) a birthday cake for him. He agreed ______________________________ (see) me at ten o'clock They promised ______________________________ (read) my report today I suggest ______________________________ (pay) by check, it's safer than cash He offered ______________________________ (make) dinner for us. He put off ______________________________ (see) her until very late in the afternoon. I refused ______________________________ (pay) for the repairs. I've finished ______________________________ (read) that book at last! We decided ______________________________ (go) to the cinema instead I enjoyed the play. The ______________________________ (act) was very good. I look forward to _______________________ (see) you next time. He's my favourite writer, his ______________________________ (write) is wonderful. His ______________________________ (complain) is getting on my nerves. He's never happy. They have terrible debts. Their ______________________________ (spend) is out of control I can still remember ______________________________ (visit) my grandparents fifty years ago. Please, remember ______________________________ (feed) the dog while I'm away I'll never forget ______________________________ (see) that van Gogh exhibition in New York Don't forget ______________________________ (post) my letters, please. I'll just finish ______________________________ (clean) the kitchen then I'll stop. She suggested ______________________________ (have) dinner at her house. She doesn't mind ______________________________ (do) the boring jobs. He keeps ______________________________ (ask) me to go out with him. He has given up ______________________________ (smoke). He's very good at ______________________________ (get) me to do what he wants He insisted on ______________________________ (be) refunded immediately. He failed. He's very bad at ______________________________ (do) exams. I´d prefer _____________________ (visit) Australia rather than the USA. We are looking forward to _____________ (hear) from you soom. Answers slide NO 6 1 visiting 2 to borrow 3 wearing 4 to take 5 doing 6 to receive 7 opening 8 watch 9 finishing 10 playing 11 having 12 steal/stealing ANSWERS: slide 9 going making to see to read paying to make seeing to pay reading to go acting teaching writing complain spending visiting to feed seeing to post cleaning having doing asking smoking getting being doing to visit hearing