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EL IMPERFECTO
Preterite
You have already learned to
talk about the past using the
preterite tense for actions that
began and ended at a definite
time.
Preterite
Ana cantó en la fiesta
anoche.
Ana sang at the party last
night.
(Completed past action.)
Imperfect
The imperfect tense is
another way to talk about the
past. We use it to describe
actions without any
indication of their beginning
or end.
Imperfect
Ana cantaba.
Ana was singing.
(No indication of beginning
or end.)
Imperfect
We use the imperfect to talk
about actions that happened
repeatedly in the past. In
English we often say
“used to” or “would” to
express this idea.
Imperfect
Generalmente caminaban
mucho.
Generally they would walk
a lot.
Imperfect
Jugaban con otros niños de
la familia.
They used to play with
other children in the family.
Imperfect
Expressions such as
generalmente, a menudo,
muchas veces, todos los días,
siempre, and nunca can cue
us to use the imperfect.
Imperfect
Here are all the forms of -ar
verbs in the imperfect.
Notice the accent mark on
the nosotros form.
CAMINAR (to walk)
Yo
caminaba Nos. caminábamos
Tú caminabas Vos. caminabais
Él
Ellos
Ella caminaba Ellas
caminaban
Ud.
Uds.
Imperfect
Since the yo and the
Ud./él/ella forms are the
same, we often use the
subject pronouns to avoid
confusion.
Imperfect
Let’s do a few more verbs.
PATINAR (to skate)
Yo
patinaba
Nos. patinábamos
Tú patinabas
Él
Ella patinaba
Ud.
Vos. patinabais
Ellos
Ellas
patinaban
Uds.
USAR (to use)
Yo
usaba
Nos. usábamos
Tú usabas
Él
Ella usaba
Ud.
Vos. usabais
Ellos
Ellas
usaban
Uds.
JUGAR (to play)
Yo
jugaba
Nos. jugábamos
Tú jugabas
Él
Ella jugaba
Ud.
Vos. jugabais
Ellos
Ellas
jugaban
Uds.
Imperfect
Now we will learn the -er/ir verb endings in the
imperfect tense.
COMER (to eat)
Yo
comía
Tú comías
Él
Ella comía
Ud.
Nos. comíamos
Vos.
Ellos
Ellas
Uds.
comáis
comían
VIVIR (to live)
Yo
vivía
Tú vivías
Él
Ella vivía
Ud.
Nos. vivíamos
Vos.
Ellos
Ellas
Uds.
viváis
vivían
The Imperfect
There are three irregular
verbs in the imperfect. The
verbs IR, SER, and VER.
IR
iba
íbamos
ibas
ibais
iba
iban
SER
era
éramos
eras
erais
era
eran
VER
veía
veíamos
veías
veíais
veía
veían
The Imperfect
The imperfect form of hay is
había (there was/were, there
used to be)
Generalmente, no había
muchos participantes en el
campeonato.