Map of Arabic language
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Transcript Map of Arabic language
Map of the
Arabic Language
Introduction to Nahw (Grammar)
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
The Science of Arabic Grammar
Arranging words to make meaningful
sentences
Mapping the language
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Map of the Arabic Language
لفظ
مهمل
موضوع
مفرد
مركب
غري مفيد
)مفيد (مجلة
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Subject Matter
Subject/Predicate relationship
English parts of speech
Noun, pronoun, adjective etc.
The subject matter of grammar
Link two or more words in a way upon which
silence is appropriate.
Words, phrases, sentences
Part of Logic
How to make definitions
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Parts of speech
إسم
1.
nouns, pronouns, adjectives and adverbs
فعل
2.
corresponds exactly to verb
حرف
3.
everything else: prepositions, conjunctions, articles,
etc.
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Precise Definitions
Parts of Speech:
i.
إسم:
indicates on a meaning within itself and is not linked to
time.
فعل:
ii.
indicates on a meaning within itself and is also linked to
time.
حرف:
iii.
does not indicate on a meaning within itself
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
The 3 Classifications of an إسم
Based on being derived or not being derived:
– جامدA frozen word not derived from anything and nothing
derived from it
– مصدرThe source word for all verbs and derived nouns.
Not derived from anything, but many words derived from it
e.g. ( الرجلman), ( الشجرةtree)
e.g. (الضربto hit) ( النصرto help)
– مشتقThose few nouns and adjectives which are constructed
from the مصدر
e.g. ( كاتبwriter) ( مكتبdesk).
*Their methods of construction are discussed in the science of صرف
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Classification of the فعل
ماضي, the past tense verb
مضارع, the present and future tense verb
ُ َين
e.g. ص َُر
أمر, imperative or command verb
e.g. ب
ََ ( َك َتwrote).
e.g. َإشرب
ِ (Drink!)
نهي, negative command or prohibition
e.g. َشرب
ِ ( الَ َتDon’t drink)
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009
Classification of the حرف
– حرفَعاملGoverning agent
– حرفَغيرَعاملNon-governing agent
Shariah Program - © 2003-2009