Transcript Capítulo 12: gramática I

Recuerden!
College
in the high school forms are
due tomorrow.
Also, your first journal entry and
interview are due on Monday! Read
your packet and ask if you have any
questions.
Pregunta por 2 puntos
En
la semana pasada, fui a un parque junto
a mi casa. ¡Fue la mejor diversión! Anduve
en la bicicleta nueva que Mamá me dio en mi
cumpleaños.
Cuando yo llegué al parque, vi que había un
total de 11 bicicletas y triciclos. Si el
número total de ruedas (wheels) era 27,
¿cuantos triciclos habían?
Primera pareja
Cual
que?
Cual
que?
es su estacion favorita y por
Segunda pareja
es su dia de fiesta favorito y por
Tercera pareja
Quien
que?
Cual
es su cantante favorito y por
Cuarta pareja
es su pelicula favorita y por que?
Please pick out the subjunctive and its
trigger
Hola, mamá,
Sólo quiero que sepas que voy a la casa de la
abuela. Sé que siempre me dices que no vaya por
el bosque, pero tengo que hacerlo para que llegue
a tiempo. ¡Es muy importante que la abuela tenga
su medicina! No creo que sea probable que el
lobo esté allí.
Besos y abrazos,
Caperucita Roja
What to do?
As
you read this presentation you will
be asked to do several tasks.
Have some paper ready to complete
these tasks in written form.
What you already know about the
subjunctive mood
It’s
not a tense, i.e. does not refer to time,
rather it is a mood.
You have learned the present tense of the
subjunctive.
The present subjunctive is used only in
special cases.
When to use the subjunctive mood
 When
you have a sentence made up of two
phrases, joined together by que.
 When the subject of the first phrase is different
from the subject of the second phrase.
 When in the first phrase there is a ‘trigger’ verb
or phrase to provoke the use of the subjunctive.

Recuerden WEIRDO
Wishes
 Emotions
 Impersonal
Expressions
 Requests
 Doubt
Ojalá
/ Denial
When to use the subjunctive mood
 So
far, we have learned about Wishes and Requests
 those
verbs where someone is imposing their will on someone
or something else
 recomendar, querer, preferir, prohibir, insistir en que, …
Juan recomienda que nosotros vayamos de vacaciones
este mes.
 Read the sentence above and say your answers to the
following questions:
 What
 What
 What
is the subjunctive form used in the above sentence?
is the verb that this form comes from?
are the three reasons why the subjunctive form is used
in this sentence?
Subjunctive with verbs of emotion
 On
the next page, you will find examples of these verbs
and sentences in the subjunctive.
 With a partner, take turns writing them in english on the
whiteboards.
 After you are done translating the sentences, compare
the Spanish and English versions. Are they different?
How? Are they the same? How? Could you translate them
in different ways if it was in the subjunctive or not?
Subjunctive with verbs of emotion

Nos alegramos de que las vacaciones vengan pronto.

La profesora espera que todos sus estudiantes lean esta presentación.

A la profesora no le gusta que sus estudiantes no hagan sus tareas.
Los estudiantes se preocupan de que la profesora les dé una prueba
muy difícil.
 Los estudiantes se quejan de que la profesora les asigne mucha tarea.
 La profe siente que sus estudiantes no puedan ir a muchas fiestas.
 A la profe le sorprende que sus estudiantes hablen tan bien el español.
 Todos nosotros tenemos miedo de que no haya tanto tiempo para las
vacaciones.

More contexts to use the subjunctive
The next context for using the subjunctive, impersonal expressions,
is really not new at all.
 An impersonal expression is one where no subject is explicitly stated.

 Es
preferible tener una casa en el campo.
 It is preferable to have a house in the country.
 impersonal, because there is no explicit subject.
 Juan
prefiere tener una casa en el campo.
 Juan prefers to have a house in the country.
 personal, because the subject, Juan, is explicit
 “Es preferible” (it’s preferable) can refer to anyone.
More contexts to use the subjunctive:
Impersonal expressions


When you consider the impersonal expressions presented, you will notice
that each expresses either request/persuasion or emotion/opinion.
With a partner, decide if each phrase represents [R] if its meaning
represents volition/persuasion or [E] if it expresses an emotion/opinion.
 es
 es
 es
 es
 es
preferible que
importante que
lógico que
necesario que
una lástima que
es
es
es
es
bueno /malo que
(im)posible que
mejor que
ridículo que
When not to use the subjunctive with
impersonal expressions:
If the conditions for subjunctive are not met
 Es importante tomar las vacaciones cada año.


The above example contrasts with the following:
 Es
importante que Juan tome las vacaciones cada año.
 Here
we do have a subjecto for the verb tomar. This sentence does not
state that it is generally important for anyone to take a vacation, but rather
it states that it is important that specifically Juan take the vacation.
One more context for the subjunctive
There
is another phrase that expresses a
desire with which we always use the
subjunctive
Ojalá
It
que
is an idiom originally from Arabic
Oh
Allah (may God grant)
Translates
I/we
to English as:
hope
Let’s hope
If only
¡Manos a la obra!
Translate
the sentences on the next
slide into Spanish. You must decide if
the sentence requires the subjunctive
or not, so take a moment to recall the
rules for using the subjunctive.
Translate into Spanish:
We are worried that San Marcos has too many daring men.
 It’s necessary to plant more trees.
 They complain that there are no engagement rings in town.
 It’s logical that Miguel wants a restless life.
 Let’s hope that they buy many types of jewels.
 I don’t like diamonds.


It bothers us that Jose talks to the clerk.
Subjunctive - Adverbial Clause
 What
is a clause?
 A group of words containing a verb, that express
an idea.
 What is an adverb?
 Describes
a verb - how, when or why
How to form the adverbial
 Just
 And
 But
like we have done before, you need a trigger
a ‘que’
this time the trigger will be a conjugation.
ESCAPAA

En caso de (que) - in case . . .
 Sin
(que) - without (that) . . .
 Con tal (que) - provided that, so that . . .
 Antes
 Para
de (que) - before . . .
(que) - in order that, so that
A menos (que) - unless
A fines de (que) - so that
¡Cuidado!
If
there is a "QUE", you must use the
subjunctive.
If there is no "QUE", you must use the
infinitive.
Never use the indicative after one of
these!
Translate out loud with a partner
 Yo
te digo para que puedas saber donde estaremos
 Necesito la cuchilla para cortar el pan
 Me
afeito antes de ducharme
 Me
afeito antes de que salgas para las clases
Take turns writing on white boards
You cant get good grades without studying
 No
puedes sacar buenas notas sin estudiar
 We cant get good grades unless the teacher helps
us.
 No podemos sacar buenas notas sin que la maestra
nos ayude
 She goes to the park so that her friends can see
her
Va al parque para que sus amigos puedan verla