Transcript Complementary and Supplementary Infinitives

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Complementary Infinitives
 A complementary infinitive is one that works in
conjunction with a modal verb (one that requires an
infinitive to create a complete thought).
 Examples include:
 possum "be able (to)", "can"
 audeo "dare (to)"
 soleo "is accustomed (to)"
Occasional Complements
 Here are some verbs that sometimes pattern with
complementary infinitives (but sometimes do not
take complementary infinitives):
 cupio "desire (to)"
 debeo "ought (to)", "must"
 volo "want (to)", "wish (to)"
Complementary Infinitives in a
Sentence
 Here are some examples of complementary infinitives:
 Furem fur cognoscere potest
 "a thief is able to recognize a thief"
 Canis cenam edere vult
 "the dog wants to eat his dinner".
Subjective Infinitives
 serve as the subject of another verb.
 You have seen this most frequently with the phrase
necesse est,
 necesse is a neuter singular adjective.
 You have also seen the subjective infinitive with licet
and in a variety of other expression with forms of sum
and neuter singular adjectives:
Examples
 Necesse est Cornëliö ad Cüriam ïre.
 It is necessary for Cornelius to go to the Senate House.
 Perïculösum est prope arënam sedëre.
 It is dangerous to sit near the track.
 OR: Sitting near the track is dangerous.
 Erräre est hümänum.
 To err is human.
Objective Infinitive
 An objective infinitive serves as the direct object
of another verb.
 You have seen this use with the verbs iubëre and vetäre.
 Such infinitives always have an expressed accusative
subject, which may be some other noun or pronoun
 Or, if they reflect the subject of themain verb, a reflexive
pronoun:
Examples
 Caupö servös adiuväre iubet.
 The innkeeper orders his servants to help.
 Cornëlius puerös exïre vetuit.
 Cornelius forbade the boys to go out.