Transcript Reflexive constructions

Calentamiento
Define:
• Acostarse
• Ducharse
• Levantarse
• Despertarse
• la cara
•
•
•
•
•
to get dressed
the nose
to laugh
Soap
Comb
• Pre-write 156-7
Define:
• Acostarse
Calentamiento
– To lie down
– To go to bed
• Ducharse
– To shower ones self
• Levantarse
– To get ones self up
• Despertarse
– To wake ones self
• la cara
– The face
• to get dressed
– vestirse
• the nose
– La nariz
• to laugh
– reírse
• Soap
– El jabón
• Comb
– El peine
Reflexive Pronouns
• Prepare: Pre-write 156-157
• Procedures:
– Present: Teach Reflexive Verbs Construction and Usage lesson
– Participate: Students take notes & participate in lesson
examples
– Practice: Read paragraph 5-6 on page 161 and copy all
reflexive verbs (7), give their infinitive form & translate the
sentence into English.
– Complete Practice packet--do T/F section & first 12 of I-10-1 to
review tomorrow
– Personalize: Order the activities in exercise 5-8 according to
your daily routine
• Evaluation: 5-6. 5-8. Packet, pre-write 159-161
Theme: Reflexive Verbs
• Overview & Purpose: Learning the use of
reflexive pronouns will help Ss express
themselves properly when referring to personal
activities & to understand the structure of
sentences that use reflexive pronouns
• Objective: To recite the proper reflexive
pronouns for each "person" and correctly
conjugate a reflexive verb.
• Language Objective: To relate sentences about
your life that use reflexive verbs & translate
sentences with reflexive verbs
Reflexive Constructions:
pronouns and verbs
(Las construcciones reflexivas: los
pronombres y los verbos)
Verbs with reflexive pronouns
Objective: TSWBAT to identify and
conjugate a verb with a reflexive
pronoun
What do the following verbs mean?
1. Bañarse
2. Acostarse
3. Afeitarse
4. Levantarse
5. sentarse
What do the following verbs
mean?
1. Bañarse
1. To bathe ones self
2. Acostarse
1. To lay one’s self down (to sleep)
3. Afeitarse (las piernas/la cara)
1. To shave one’s self (legs/face)
4. Levantarse
1. To get one’s self up (out of bed)
5. Sentarse
1. To sit one’s self down
You’ve done this before…
• Llamarse
– How do you say your name in Spanish?
• Me llamo ____
• What does that phrase mean?
– I call MYSELF
• How do you say “you call yourself”
Reflexive constructions in Spanish are generally used to describe
actions that people do to, or for, themselves:
Notice that we often indicate that a verb is reflexive by attaching se
onto the infinitive
• Acostarse (ue)
– To lay one’s self
down (to sleep)
• Afeitarse
– To shave (one’s self)
• Bañarse
– To bathe one’s self
• Cepillarse (los dientes, el pelo)
– To brush one’s (teeth, hair,)
• Despertarse (ie)
– To wake one’s self up
• Dormirse (ue, u)
– To go to sleep
• Lavarse
– To wash one’s self
• Levantarse
– To get/to rise one’s self up
• Maquillarse
– To make one’s self up
• Peinarse (el pelo)
– To comb one’s self (hair)
• Quitarse
– To take off one’s self
• Secarse
– To dry one’s self (off)
• Sentarse (ie)
– To sit one’s self down
• Vestirse (i,i)
– To dress one’s self
Reflexive pronouns with infinitives
• When you talk about an activity you
– NEED TO
– PREFER TO
– HAVE TO ….
+ DO
• You use an INFINITIVE to indicate that it’s
an activity—not the action
– I need to brush my teeth.
– I prefer to wake myself up early.
Tell what you have to do in the
morning?
• ¿Qué tienes que hacer por la mañana?
– Tengo que…..
Verbs with reflexive pronouns
• If the subject and object of a verb are the
same…
– I make myself up.
– I relax myself.
• A reflexive pronoun can be used.
– Me/te/se
– nos/os/se
• Me maquillo. (maquillarse)
• Me relajo. (relajarse)
• It shows that the subject acts upon itself.
Reflexive verbs
• A reflection of yourself
• YOU look at YOURSELF
• The subject and object are the same
Isabel se peina.
Reflexive action—performed on oneself
Isabel could, of course, comb someone else’s hair, in which
case a reflexive construction would not be used, since
someone other than the subject would be receiving the effect
of the verb.
Isabel peina a su hermana.
Nonreflexive action—performed on
someone else
Lavar (to wash)
LAVAR
1.LAVO
LAVAMOS
2.LAVAS
LAVÁIS
3.LAVA
LAVAN
The reflexive pronouns
me
te
se
nos
os
se
Note that se serves for both.
The only reflexive pronouns that differ in form from
direct or indirect object pronouns are third persons
singular and plural.
When you conjugate “lavarse” (to wash ones
self), include the reflexive pronoun that agrees
with the subject
lavarse
Me lavo
Nos lavamos
Te lavas
(Os laváis)
Se lava
Se lavan
Calentamiento
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Get a worksheet from the front table
Complete p 66 (about you) and first 5 of 67
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
One useful function of reflexive constructions is to
describe daily personal activities.
El despertador suena a las 5:00.
10
12
1
2
3
9
8
(Yo) me levanto temprano.
11
7
6
5
4
The subject pronoun, yo, is in parentheses since it is optional in
this case; the object pronoun me is used to show who is being
gotten up—in this case, the same person as the subject,
indicating that I am getting myself up rather than someone else.
Whenever the subject and the object of a verb are the same
person, the verb is being used reflexively.
Mi madre me levanta temprano.
Using the verb bañar as an example, the reflexive construction
verb paradigm would be as follows in the present tense:
Yo me baño.
I bathe (myself).
Tú te bañas.
You bathe (yourself).
Él, ella, Ud. se baña.
He, she, you (form.) bathe(s)
(himself, herself, yourself).
Nosotros nos bañamos.
We bathe (ourselves).
Vosotros os bañáis.
You (pl., fam.) bathe
(yourselves).
Ellos, ellas, Uds. se bañan.
They, you (pl., form.) bathe
(themselves, yourselves).
Notice that English often omits the reflexive pronoun (myself, etc.),
whereas it is obligatory in Spanish.
Now let’s look at some more daily activities.
When conjugating a reflexive verb…
• Conjugate the verb normally. (banarse)
– ___ baño
– ___ bañas
– ___ baña
• Add me, te, se , nos, os, se before the
conjugated verb
– Me baño
– I bathe myself
Practica…
• 1. Por la mañana yo _____ _________ a las cinco
y media. (levantarse)
• 2. Mi madre _________________ antes de ir al
trabajo. (maquillarse)
• 3. Mis hermanos menores _______________
despues de hacer ejercicio. (bañarse)
• 4. Tú ________________ la cara despué de
bañarte. (afeitarse)
• 5. Nosotros _____________________ al llegar a
la clase de español. (sentarse)
reflexive pronoun conjugations
• 1. Por la mañana yo _____ _________ a las cinco y
media. (levantarse)
– Me levanto
• 2. Mi madre _________________ antes de ir al trabajo.
(maquillarse)
– Se maquilla
• 3. Mis hermanos menores _______________ despues de
hacer ejercicio. (bañarse)
– Se bañan
• 4. Tú ________________ la cara después de bañarte.
(afeitarse)
– Te afeitas
• 5. Nosotros _____________________ al llegar a la clase
de español. (sentarse)
– Nos sentamos
Choose the appropriate reflexive pronoun.
1. You take a shower.
1.
Tú ____ duchas.
2. Maria washes her hair.
1.
María ___lava el pelo.
3. You-all wake up.
1.
Ustedes _____ despiertan.
4. We brush our teeth.
1.
Nosotros _____ cepillamos
los dientes.
5. She gets dressed.
Ella _____ viste.
6. They sit down.
Ellos _____ sientan.
7. I'm worried about you.
1.
_____ preocupo por ti.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Te
Se
Se
Nos
Se
Se
Me
Choose the appropriate form of the verb
1. Maria washes her hair. (lavarse)
1.
María se _____ el pelo.
2. We take a shower. (ducharse)
1.
Nos _____ .
3. They brush their teeth. (cepillarse)
1.
Ellos se _____ los dientes.
4. I shave my legs. (afeitarse)
1.
Me _____ las piernas.
5. The boys fall asleep. (dormirse o:ue)
1.
Los niños se _____ .
6. The young ladies get dressed. (vestirse e:i)
1.
Las señoritas se _____ .
7. We sit down. (sentarse e:ie)
1.
Nos _____ .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Lava
Duchamos
Cepillan
Afeito
Duermen
Visten
sentamos
Clara se seca y se viste después de bañarse.
Reflexive pronouns, just like direct and indirect object
pronouns, are placed either before the conjugated verb . . .
. . . or after and attached to
an infinitive or gerund.
In Spanish…
• You can attach the reflexive verb to the end
of the infinitive…
– I need to brush my teeth
– Necesito lavarme los dientes.
– Preferimos acostarnos temprano.
• Or it can go before the conjugated verb.
– Me necesito lavar los dientes.
– Nos Preferimos acostar temprano.
Papá se seca el pelo antes de peinarse.
Su hija se sienta al
tocador y se maquilla.
Todos nos acostamos temprano para poder
levantarnos a tiempo al día siguiente.
Used w/ infinitives
• Necesitar
– To need to
• Preferir
– To prefer
• Poder
– To be able to
• Deber
– Ought to
• Tener que
– To have to
Prepositions:
• Antes de
– Before
• Después de
– After
• Para (que)
– In order to
• En vez de
– Instead of
Used w/ infinitives
• Necesitar
– To need to
– I need to brush my teeth
– Necesito lavarme los
dientes
• Preferir
– To prefer
– We prefer to go to bed
early.
– Preferimos acostarnos
temprano
• Poder
– To be able to
– You can leave (irse)
– Podemos irnos.
• Tener que
– To have to
B. Change the verb ending to agree with the
subject of the sentence.
1.
Ahora María se puede lavar la cara. (poder,
lavarse)
1.
2.
Me necesito acostar. (necesitar, acostar)
1.
3.
María prefiere _____ cada mañana.
Juan se necesita afeitar. (necesitar, afeitarse)
1.
5.
_____ acostarme.
María se prefiere pesar cada mañana. (preferir,
pesarse)
1.
4.
Ahora María puede _____ la cara.
Juan _____ afeitarse.
Juan necesita bañarse. (necesitar, bañarse)
1.
Juan se _____ bañar.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Lavarse
Necesito
Pesarse
Necesita
necesita
B. Change the verb ending to agree with the
subject of the sentence.
• Juan reads a book before going to bed. (acostarse)
– Juan lee un libro antes de _________ .
• We read the newspaper after getting up. (levantarse)
– Leemos el periódico después de _________ .
• Instead of going to bed, I'm going to study Spanish. (acostarse)
– En vez de _________ , voy a estudiar español .
• After taking off her boots, Maria enters the apartment. (quitarse)
– Después de _________ las botas, María entra el apartamento.
• The family eats dinner after sitting down. (sentarse)
– La familia cena después de _________ .
• After getting dressed, the girls look at themselves in the mirror.
(vestirse)
– Después de _________ , las chicas se miran en el
Calentamiento
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
I take a shower (ducharse).
I take a bath
(bañarse)
You (s. fam) take a shower every day (cada día)
He shaves every morning.
(afeitarse)
She brushes her teeth (los dientes) three times a
day (veces al día) (cepillarse)
Reflexive Pronoun Packet
1. I take a shower (ducharse).
1. (yo) me ducho.
2. I take a bath
1. (yo) me baño.
3. You (s. fam) take a shower every day (cada día)
1. (tú) te duchas cada día.
4. He shaves every morning.
(afeitarse)
1. (él) se afeita cada mañana.
5. She brushes her teeth (los dientes) three times a
day (veces al día) - cepillarse
1. (ella) se cepilla los dientes tres veces al día.
1. I go to bed.
1. (yo) me acuesto
2. You wash your hair.
1. (tú) te lavas el pelo.
3. He shaves every morning.
1. Él se afeita cada mañana.
4. She shaves her legs.
1. Ella se afeita las piernas.
5. You (pl. fam) wake up.
1. Vosotros os despertaís
Reflexive Pronoun Packet I-11-3
(first 5)
1. Antes de vestir___, yo plancho la ropa.
2. Después de bañar____, Mariana se
acuesta.
3. Antes de ir_____ al trabajo, leemos el
periódico.
4. Después de levantar_____, hago la cama.
5. Ellos cenan despué de sentar_____.
Reflexive Pronoun Packet I-11-3
(first 5)
1. Antes de vestir___, y plancho la ropa.
1. ME
2. Después de bañar____, Mariana se acuesta.
1. SE
3. Antes de ir_____ al trabajo, leemos el periódico.
1. NOS
4. Después de levantar_____, hago la cama.
1. ME
5. Ellos cenan después de sentar_____.
1. SE
Y ahora, ¿cómo nos sentimos?
(Now, how do we feel?)
Reflexive constructions are often used to describe
feelings, moods, and conditions:
Some examples are listed below
alegrarse (de)
to become happy (about)
divertirse [ie, i] (con)
to have fun (with)
enamorarse (de)
to fall in love (with)
enfermarse (de, con)
to become sick (from, with)
enojarse (de, con)
to get angry (about, at)
olvidarse (de)
to forget (to or about)
Nos alegramos de pasar tiempo con la familia.
Me gusta
caminar en el
parque.
A veces los niños se
divierten mucho en la
bañera.
Te vas a enamorar un día de éstos.
Me enfermo cuando
como muchos dulces.
Mis padres se enojan si no me acuesto a tiempo.
Nunca nos olvidamos
de lavarnos los dientes.
The important and versatile verb poner, basically “to
put,” means “to put on” (as in clothing) when used
reflexively. It also is used reflexively with adjectives to
express the idea of “to become.”
Pongo mis libros en mi mochila.
I put my books in my backpack.
En invierno, nos ponemos un abrigo antes de salir.
In the winter, we put on an overcoat before going out.
Los niños se ponen tristes cuando su padre está fuera.
The children are (become) sad when their father is out
of town.
• I become angry
– Me pongo furioso/a
• She becomes sad
– Ella se pone triste
• We become frustrated
– Nos ponemos frustrados
Write the word or words necessary to form
an equivalent sentence.
1.
Juan necesita lavarse el pelo.
(necesitar, lavarse)
6.
1. Juan _____ necesita lavar el pelo.
2.
Nos preferimos lavar con jabón
perfumado. (preferir, lavarse)
1. _____ necesitamos duchar
esta noche.
7.
1. Preferimos _____ con jabón
perfumado.
3.
Tú puedes dormirte. (poder,
dormirse)
Juan se necesita bañar. (necesitar,
bañarse)
1. Juan _____ bañarse.
5.
Nos necesitamos duchar esta
noche. (necesitar, ducharse)
1. Nosotros _____ ducharnos esta noche.
Juan se necesita lavar el pelo.
(necesitar, lavarse)
1. Juan _____ lavarse el pelo.
8.
1. Te _____ dormir.
4.
Necesitamos ducharnos esta
noche. (necesitar, ducharse)
Te puedes dormir. (poder,
dormirse)
1. Tú puedes _____ .
9.
Preferimos lavarnos con jabón
perfumado. (preferir, lavarse)
1.
_____ preferimos lavar con jabón
perfumado.
Write the word or words necessary to form
an equivalent sentence.
1.
Juan necesita lavarse el pelo.
(necesitar, lavarse)
6.
1. Juan SE necesita lavar el pelo.
2.
Nos preferimos lavar con jabón
perfumado. (preferir, lavarse)
1. _____ necesitamos duchar
esta noche.
7.
1. Preferimos LAVARNOS con jabón
perfumado.
3.
Tú puedes dormirte. (poder,
dormirse)
Juan se necesita bañar. (necesitar,
bañarse)
1. Juan _____ bañarse.
5.
Nos necesitamos duchar esta
noche. (necesitar, ducharse)
1. Nosotros _____ ducharnos esta noche.
Juan se necesita lavar el pelo.
(necesitar, lavarse)
1. Juan _____ lavarse el pelo.
8.
1. Te PUEDES dormir.
4.
Necesitamos ducharnos esta
noche. (necesitar, ducharse)
Te puedes dormir. (poder,
dormirse)
1. Tú puedes DORMIRTE .
9.
Preferimos lavarnos con jabón
perfumado. (preferir, lavarse)
1.
NOS preferimos lavar con jabón
perfumado.
Theme: Reflexive Practice &
Reciprocal Construction (161-162)
• Objective & Big Picture: The use of reciprocal
construction allows the student to properly
express what people to "reciprocally" --talk on
the phone with each other, love each other, hug
each other, write to each other
• Language Objective: to tell what famous duos do
together using the reciprocal construction. (p
162/5-9)
Reciprocal Pronouns/Verbs
Procedures:
• Present - Review Reflexive Pronoun Packet; Teach
students Reciprocal Construcation and Use
• Participate - Students take notes & practice w/ lesson
prompts
• Practice - tell what famous duos do together using the
reciprocal construction. (p 162/5-9)
• Personalize - Create 5 sentences using the Reciprocal
Verbs from your chapter to tell what you & your
friends/family/BF-GF do together (school appropriate
sentences please!)
• Evaluation: Libro 5-10/5-9 + 5 created sentences
One another, each other
The pronouns nos, os, and se can be used to express
reciprocal actions or conditions, that is, what people do to
each other or how they feel about one another.
Los novios se hablan por teléfono.
The boyfriend & girlfriend
talk to one another on the
phone.
Nos
queremos
mucho.
(We love each
other a lot.)
Of course, the reciprocal pronouns must
be plural by definition, since “one
another” refers to more than one
person. Note that they coincide in form
with the plural reflexive pronouns.
Common Reciprocal Verbs
• Amarse/Quererse
– To love each other
• Llamarse
– To call each other
• Escribirse
– To write each other
• Verse
– To see each other
• Besarse
– To kiss each other
• Abrazarse
– To hug each other
• Odiarse
– To hate each other
• Encontrarse
– To find each other
• Tolerarse
– To tolerate each other
MODELO: Romeo y Julieta
Romeo y Julieta se quieren mucho.
ALGUNAS PAREJAS
1. Charlie Brown y Snoopy
2. Antonio y Cleopatra
3. Antonio Banderas y
Melanie Griffith
4. los republicanos y los
demócratas
5. los perros (dogs) y los
gatos (cats)
6. Marc Anthony y Jennifer
López
7. Tú y yo
8. ¿…?
ALGUNAS RELACIONES
• quererse
• llamarse
• Escribirse
• Verse
• (no) besarse
• Odiarse
• Encontrarse
• tolerarse
MODELO: Romeo y Julieta
Romeo y Julieta se quieren mucho.
ALGUNAS PAREJAS
1. Charlie Brown y Snoopy se quieren
como amigos
2. Tú y yo nos llamamos cada día
3. Antonio y Cleopatra se aman
4. Antonio Banderas y Melanie
Griffith se besan
5. los republicanos y los demócratas
se odian
6. los perros (dogs) y los gatos (cats)
no se toleran
ALGUNAS
RELACIONES
• quererse
• llamarse
• Escribirse
• Verse
• (no) besarse
• Odiarse
• Encontrarse
• tolerarse
• - Create 2 sentences using the Reciprocal
Verbs from your chapter to tell
– what you & your best friend do together
• 1st person plural
– What your parents or a famous couple do
• 3rd person plural
• (school appropriate sentences please!)
FIN
• El Presidente Obama y la Sra. Obama se
quieren
– President Obama and Mrs. Obama love each
other.
• Practice - tell what famous duos do
together using the reciprocal construction.
(p 162/5-9)
Reflexive Pronoun Packet
I-11-1: first five
All of ¿verdadero o falso?
I-11-2: first five
I-11-3: all
1-11-4: first three