Transcript The Simple Past Tense Power Point Pres ESL 1

The Simple Past Tense
Grammar Sense 2,
Chapter 4
The Simple Past
(Affirmative Statements)
Affirmative Statements
(to arrive)
Subject
I
You
base form of verb + d/ed or irregular form (time expression)
arrived
yesterday.
arrived
yesterday.
He
She
It
arrived
yesterday.
We
You
They
arrived
arrived
arrived
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
Note: To form the simple past of most regular verbs, add –ed to the base
form. If the base form of a regular verb ends in e, add –ed. Some verbs are
irregular in the simple past. Examples: play-played arrive-arrived eat-ate
Common Irregular Verbs
Base Form-Simple Past
become-became
buy-bought
come-came
do-did
drive-drove
eat-ate
find-found
forget-forgot
give-gave
go-went
have-had
hear-heard
keep-kept
know-knew
leave-left
make-made
meet-met
put-put
say-said
see-saw
spend-spent
speak-spoke
take-took
wake-woke
wear-wore
win-won
write-wrote
Negative Forms
To form a negative statement in the simple past with a regular or irregular verb, use
the base form of the verb after did + not.
Example: I ate a lot yesterday.
I didn’t eat a lot yesterday.
The Simple Past
(Negative Statements)
Negative
Subject
I
You
Statements
did + not
did not (didn’t)
did not (didn’t)
base form of verb
arrive
arrive
(to arrive)
(time expression)
yesterday.
yesterday.
He
She
It
did not (didn’t)
arrive
yesterday.
We
You
They
did not (didn’t)
did not (didn’t)
did not (didn’t)
arrive
arrive
arrive
yesterday.
yesterday.
yesterday.
Pronunciation of Verbs Ending in -ed

Verbs that end in the sounds /t/ or /d/, when you add –ed, the past
tense has the sound of /ıd/.
Ex. want--wanted

need--needed
Verbs that end in the sounds /p/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /ch/, /sh/, and /ks/,
when you add –ed, the past tense has the sound of /t/.
Ex.
work--worked
watch--watched
wash--washed
flip—flipped
kiss--kissed
box--boxed

Verbs that end in the sound /b/, /g/, /j/, /v/, /th/, /z/, soft /g/, /m/,
/n/, /ᵑ/, /l/, or /r/, when you add –ed, the past tense has the sound
of /d/.
Ex.

plan—planned judge—judged
bathe--bathed massage—massaged
bang--banged
rub—rubbed
Verbs that end with a vowel sound, when you add –ed, the past
tense has the sound of /d/.
Ex.
play—played
row—rowed
bow—bowed
free—freed
sigh—sighed
sue—sued
Pronunciation of Verbs Ending in -ed
1.
transplant
simple past
transplanted
2.
look
looked
3.
patrol
patrolled
4.
succeed
succeeded
5.
perk
perked
6.
suspect
suspected
7.
kill
killed
8.
peculate
peculated
/t/
/d/
/ıd/
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Pronunciation of Verbs Ending in -ed
simple past
9. continue
continued
10. establish
established
11. beam
beamed
12. exit
exited
13. prefer
preferred
14. trap
trapped
15. happen
happened
/t/
/d/
/ıd/
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Affirmative and Negative
Statements in the Simple Past
Directions: Change the sentences to the past.

1.
–
Geraldine has a pet dog named Ruffy.
Geraldine had a pet dog named Ruffy.
–

2.
–

3.
–

4.
–

5.
–

6.
–
Daniela and John don’t read every day.
Daniela and John didn’t read every day.
Kimberly doesn’t cook mofongo.
Kimberly didn’t cook mofongo.
Brenda isn’t a school leader at NPHS.
Brenda wasn’t a school leader at NPHS.
Alex isn’t a senior at NPHS.
Alex wasn’t a senior at NPHS.
I pray before I eat my meals.
I prayed before I ate my meals.
The Simple Past
(Yes/No Questions and Short Answers)
Yes/No Questions
Did Subject base form of verb
Did you
arrive
yesterday?
Did he
work
last week?
Did they
leave
last summer?
Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.
Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.
Yes, they did./No, they didn’t.
Yes/No Questions in the Past
Directions: Make yes/no questions and give short answers in the simple past tense.
1.
(Maria/in the library/a week ago) (No)
Was Maria in the library a week ago? No, she wasn’t.

2.
(Ms. Weber and Mrs. Reyes/speak/at the conference last week) (Yes)
Did Ms. Weber and Mrs. Reyes speak at the conference last week? Yes, they did.

3.
(John and Kimberly/work/hard on their science project) (Yes)
Did John and Kimberly work hard on their science project? Yes, they did.

4.
(Ms. Signorelli/write/a report on discipline) (No)
Did Ms. Signorelli write a report on discipline? No, she didn’t.

5.

(The students/plan/a picnic for the spring) (No)
Did the students plan a picnic for the spring? No, they didn’t.
6. (Your textbooks/in class) (No) Were your textbooks in class? No, they weren’t.
The Simple Past
WH-Word
Who
What
Where
When
Why
How
DID
did
did
did
did
did
did
WH-Word (subject)
Who
What
subject
you
he
she
we
you
they
(Information Questions)
base form of verb
see
do
go
study
leave
feel
yesterday?
last week?
last Wednesday?
yesterday?
two days ago?
a month ago?
verb + -d/-ed or irregular form
left
happened
two days ago?
yesterday?
Information Questions in the
Simple Past

Directions: Make information questions in the simple past using what, how long, when, why, where, and how.

1.

2.
Q: When did you sing songs?
A: During lunchtime. (We sang songs during lunchtime an hour ago.)

3.
Q: Why did Geraldine study for her math test?
A: Because she needed to pass her math class. (Geraldine studied for her math test
because she needed to pass her math class.)

4.
Q: How did your mother buy herself a new car?
A: By using her credit card. (My mother bought herself a new car by using her credit car.)

5.

6.
Q: What did you eat for lunch?
A: Pizza. (We ate pizza for lunch.)
Q: How long were you in the hospital?
A: Six hours. (I was in the hospital for 6 hours.)
Q: Who did you speak to yesterday?
A: Mr. Stephenson. (I spoke to Mr. Stephenson yesterday.)
Meaning and Use of the Simple Past
1A. Use the simple past for actions or states that started and ended in the
past. Use time expressions to describe the period.
I lived in Turkey in 2007.
We went shopping yesterday.
They played soccer on Saturdays.
The garden was beautiful last year.
1B. The actions or states can happen in the recent past (a short time ago) or
the distant past (a long time ago).
Recent Past
Distant Past
He called five minutes ago.
They got married in 1983.
She felt tired yesterday.
He was very sick ten years ago.
Meaning and Use of the Simple Past
1C. The actions or states can last for a long or short period of time.
Long Period of Time
I worked there for many years.
She was ill for six months.
Short Period of Time
It rained hard all afternoon.
He seemed happy to see me.
1D. The actions or states can happen once or repeatedly.
Happened Once
I graduated on June 5, 2009.
Happened Repeatedly
He always studied hard before a test.