Transcript La-la-la-BOOM

The old days of German and
English
Deutsch 1
Herr Reierstad
15 Oktober 2013
Aber zuerst, das Verb “sein….”
How do you conjugate the
verb “sein?”
• ich
• du
• er/sie/es
• wir
• ihr
• sie/Sie
• Perfekt
• Prӓteritum
• Englisch
Aber zuerst, das Verb “sein….”
How do you conjugate the
verb “sein?”
• ich
bin
• du
bist
• er/sie/es
ist
• wir
sind
• ihr
seid
• sie/Sie
sind
• Perf.
• Prӓt.
• Eng.
ist gewesen
war
to be
Auf Deutsch, bitte!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Who are you?
Where (wo) is she?
How old are y’all?
Where are you, Mr. Binnedoofnuss?
Where are you from. Georg?
I’m from Germany.
He is not here (nicht hier).
Und auch…
• How do you say “today,” “yesterday,” and “the
day before yesterday again?
– today
– yesterday
– the day before yesterday
Und auch…
• How do you say “today,” “yesterday,” and “the
day before yesterday again?
– today
– yesterday
– the day before yesterday
heute
gestern
vorgestern
Und zuletzt….
• How do you say the following in German?
– How do you get to school?
– I come to school by bike.
– I walk to school.
– She rides the bus to school.
Und zuletzt….
• How do you say the following in German?
– How do you get to school?
• Wie kommst du zur Schule?
– I come to school by bike.
• Ich komme mit dem Rad zur Schule.
– I walk to school.
• Ich komme zu Fuss zur Schule.
– She rides the bus to school.
• Sie kommt mit dem Bus zur Schule.
Wichtige Frage:
• How were
English and
German once
more similar
to one
another?
Old days
• German and English were once more similar.
• They are both on the Germanic language tree.
• However, they have evolved apart from each
other over the centuries.
• Taking a little trip back in time can help us
better understand how both languages work
(at least, that’s what I hope to do).
Helping verbs
• Today, English uses the verb “have” as its
helping verb for the conversational past tense
(what Herr Reierstad keeps referring to as the
“Perfekt”):
– Do not think that I have come to destroy the law,
or the prophets: I have not come to destroy, but
to fulfill. –Matthew 5:17
Editor’s note: religion
• I am not trying to push religion upon anyone.
Nor am I trying to start any arguments.
• However, the King James Bible, written in
1611, offers many examples of how the
English language once had more in common
with German.
Back to it…
• In this version of the Bible, you can find many
examples of this.
• One thing German does that English used to
do is use the verb “to be” as a helping verb in
the Perfekt. You see this often in the old book.
Beispiele:
• Think not that I am come to destroy the law,
or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but
to fulfil. –Matthew 5:17
• For this people’s heart is waxed gross.
Matthew 13:15
• And go quickly, and tell his disciples that he is
risen from the dead –Matthew 27:7
Wie, bitte?
Sing, cuccu, nu. Sing, cuccu.
Sing, cuccu. Sing, cuccu, nu.
Sumer is i-cumen in
Lhude sing, cuccu!
Groweth sed and bloweth med
And springth the wude nu.
Sing, cuccu!
I got your “i-” right here…..
• I noticed that a lot of older English texts used
an “i-” or a “y” before a verb to make it past
tense. Mind you, I never learned this in
school, I just sorta figgered it out on my own.
So I could be showing off, or I could be trying
to deny responsibility if things go wrong
somehow……
Various
• With middel smal and wel ymake….
– With (her) waist slender and well-made….
• Nethere the haveth i-cast…..
– They have cast down…..
• Hoere lif was al with gamen i-lad….
– Their lives were filled with play (games)…
• Adam lay i-bounden, bounden in a bond….
– Adam lay bound, bound in a bond…..
• For God mankind now hath i-take…..
– For God has now taken mankind….
So how is this relevant?
• Let’s look at some of the past tense sentences
for today:
– Wie bist du zur Schule gekommen?
• How did you come to school? (literally: How are you to
school come?)
– Ich bin mit dem Bus zur Schule gekommen.
• I came to school by bus. (literally: I am by bus to school
come.)
This suggests 2 things:
• Nethere the haveth i-cast…..
– They have cast down…..
• Hoere lif was al with gamen i-lad….
– Their lives were filled with play (games)…
1. This mysterious “i-” may have been an
English equivalent to the German “ge-”
2. Notice that the past participles are at the end
of the sentences, just like in German
sentences of today
Jetzt….
• He really should be taking you for some
SMARTening….
• Practice with Perfekt
FUNFUNFUNYO.notebook
Hausaufgabe:
Translate into English, bitte!
1. Ist er heute mit der U-Bahn zur Schule
gekommen?
2. Wie sind Sie zur Schule gekommen, Herr
Fliegerriegerdieger?
3. Ich bin gestern mit dem Auto zur Schule
gekommen.
4. Sie ist vorgestern nicht zur Schule gekommen.
5. Seid ihr heute mit dem Rad zur Schule
gekommen?