Transcript action or linking

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FINDING COMPLEMENTS
• First find the verb and
label it action or linking.
VERBS THAT MAY BE LINKING
• Be verbs: am, is, are, was, were,
be, being, been
• Five senses: look, taste, smell,
sound, feel
• BRATSS GROW: become,
remain, appear, turn, stay, seem,
grow
WAYS TO TELL IF THESE ARE
ACTION OR LINKING
• Does the main word after the verb
describe or rename the subject?
• Can you substitute a form of the
verb seem or be (was, were) for
the verb?
ACTION OR LINKING
• Jennifer tasted the salty pie.
1. Does pie rename or describe
Jennifer?
2. Can you substitute seemed
or was for tasted?
• If you can’t do both of these, it is
action.
ACTION OR LINKING
• The newly baked pie tasted salty.
1. Does salty describe pie?
2. Can you substitute seemed
or was for tasted?
• If the answer is yes, it is linking.
• This material feels rough.
• Sandy felt the material of her
dress..
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTS
• Find the verb. Label action or
linking.
• The main word after the linking
verb that answers who or what will
be a predicate nominative or
predicate adjective.
PREDICATE NOMINATIVE
–Predicate nominative renames the
subject and answers who/what after
a linking verb.
– It is a noun or a pronoun.
–Example. Mrs. Mercer is my
English teacher. (Teacher is the
main word answering what after the
linking verb).
Predicate Adjectives
• Predicate adjectives still answer
what after the linking verb.
• They describe the subject.
• They are always adjectives.
• The track star appeared tired after
the thirty-mile relay. (Tired
describes the subject and answers
what after the linking verb.
• Why isn’t salty a predicate
adjective in the following
sentence?
• The freshly baked dessert was
actually a salty pie.
DIRECT OBJECTS
• Direct object answers whom or what
after an action verb.
• … Jeff bought a pencil at the school
store.
(Bought what? Pencil. Pencil is the
direct object.
INDIRECT OBJECTS
• Indirect objects answer the questions
for whom/what or to whom/what.
• They ALWAYS come between the
action verb and the direct object.
• They NEVER come after a
preposition.
• You cannot have an indirect object
without a direct object.
• Jeff gave Mary a headache with all of
his questions.
Gave what? Headache. Headache is
your direct object.
To whom? Mary. Mary is your
indirect object. It answers to whom;
it comes between the action verb and
the direct object.
• Jeff gave a headache to Mary. ( No
indirect object)
OBJECTIVE COMPLEMENT
• An Objective Complement is a noun
or adjective that comes after the direct
object either renaming or describing
that object.
… A noun renames the D.O.
• … An adjective describes the D.O.
A TEST TO LOCATE OBJECTIVE
COMPLEMENTS
• If you can substitute the verbs
consider or make for the verb, it may
be an objective complement.
• If you can add to be before the
objective complement, it will contain
one also.
• We elected Cynthia president.
VERBS THAT USUALLY HAVE
AN OBJECTIVE COM.
• MAKE
• CONSIDER
•
•
•
•
•
•
ELECT
APPOINT
NAME
CHOOSE
RENDER
THOUGHT
EXAMPLES
• Henry VIII made Catherine of Aragon
his queen.
• Todd considers Marilyn quite
intelligent.
• She thought the day disagreeable.
• Jealousy made Othello a murderer.
RETAINED OBJECTS
• A noun that remains an object when a
verb, having both a direct and indirect
object in the active voice, is put into
the passive voice.
• The one object becomes the subject
and the other remains the object.
• Remember: in the active voice, the
subject acts. In the passive, it
Examples
• ACTIVE VOICE:
…The band granted him a year’s
leave of absence.
• PASSIVE VOICE:
…He was granted a year’s leave of
absence.
• Your I.O.became the subject and your
D.O. became the R.O.
• ACTIVE VOICE:
• The teacher asked the student a
difficult question.
• PASSIVE VOICE:
• The student was asked a difficult
question.