Transcript Week Eight Agenda Announcements Link of the week Review week

Week Eight Agenda
•Announcements
•Link of the week
•Review week seven lab assignment
•This week’s expected outcomes
•Next lab assignment
•Break-out problems
•Upcoming deadlines
•Questions and answers
Link of the week
http://bhami.com/rosetta.html
A Sysadmin's Unixersal Translator (ROSETTA
STONE) OR What do they call that in this world?
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1148?viewlocale=en_U
S
Definition: Installation (computer programs)
• Installation process:
- Condensed package
- Unpack package
- Customized package
- Test the functionality of the system
- Configure files
Link of the week
Open Source Projects
http://sourceforge.net
http://freshmeat.net
Review week seven lab assignment
Define: tar
tar –cf newpack.tar /export/home/dandrear
tar –xvf origpack.tar
tar –tvf origpack.tar
Define: gzip
gzip filename.tar
gzip –d filename.tar.gz
gunzip filename.tar.gz
Define: bzip2/bunzip2
• Installing the software package
Package
FreeBSD Port
Review week seven lab assignment
• Usually, the source files are packaged in a
compressed archive file (.tar.gz). After
downloading, the .tar.gz file, use the tar tool to
uncompress the un-package the source files.
Review week seven lab assignment
• Every file is associated with one inode
• The inode contains the following information:
file mode
count of hard links
owner id
group id
time of last file access
time of last file modification
file size
file addresses
Review week seven lab assignment
Review week seven lab assignment
• The directory maps file names to inodes.
• Each file has one inode.
• The number of inodes is a kernel parameter
value set manually or dynamically by the
operating system.
• Each file may have more than one directory
entry.
• Inodes contain a list of disk block addresses.
• Demonstrate ls –i and ls –li commands
Review week seven lab assignment
Review week seven lab assignment
• When there are multiple hard links, more directory entries
point to the same inode (same file name)
• An inode can only hold a fixed number of direct data block
addresses (10 for Linux). Large files use indirect block
addresses.
• The inode keeps a count of the number of hard links that point
to it.
• Deleting a file deletes and entry from a directory.
• If the number of hard links is 1, removing or deleting that file
will also delete the inode.
• Demonstrate ls –li /etc physical links
Review week seven lab assignment
Review week seven lab assignment
• A symbolic link is a link to a directory or to a
file in a different file system.
Recall that Unix/Linux combines all the file
systems into a single integrated tree structure.
Review week seven lab assignment
• Two choices for installing a project
1. Install binaries from a package
called rpm in Red Hat
rpm checks for dependencies and
conflicts with other installed
packages
Review week seven lab assignment
2. Install from source code
Allows for custom installations
Allows for code modifications
Optimum compilation for target
platform
Review week seven lab assignment
• rpm is a tool
rpm –q sloccount (query to see if tool
exists)
If the tool isn’t on your system, create a
directory named sloccount
Download name sloccount-2.231.i386.rpm
rpm –vUh sloccount-2.23-1.i386.rpm
(install
tool)
See the man page regarding the rpm tool
Review week seven lab assignment
•
QUERYING AND VERIFYING PACKAGES:
rpm {-q|--query} [select-options] [query-options]
rpm {-V|--verify} [select-options] [verify-options]
rpm --import PUBKEY ...
rpm {-K|--checksig} [--nosignature] [--nodigest]
PACKAGE_FILE ...
•
INSTALLING, UPGRADING, AND REMOVING PACKAGES:
rpm {-i|--install} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-U|--upgrade} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-F|--freshen} [install-options] PACKAGE_FILE ...
rpm {-e|--erase} [--allmatches] [--nodeps] [--noscripts]
[--notriggers] [--repackage] [--test] PACKAGE_NAME ...
Review week seven lab assignment
Software Installation of UNIX/Linux typically goes
something like this:
•
•
•
•
•
Download the software, which might be distributed
in source code format, or as a binary.
Unpack the software from its distribution format
(typically a tarball compressed with compress, gzip,
or bzip2
Locate the documentation (perhaps an INSTALL or
README file, or some files in a doc/ subdirectory)
and read up on how to install the software.
If the software was distributed in source format,
compile it. This may involve editing a makefile, or
running a configure script, and other work.
Test and install the software.
Review week seven lab assignment
• Kernel is the central component of most operating
systems. It’s responsibility is to manage the system’s
resources and communicate between the hardware
and software.
• Kernel space is allocated for the kernel. Users aren’t
able to access this area. Kernel space is generally
larger than user space.
• User space is a memory area where all user mode
applications are performed. This memory area is
swappable if necessary.
Review week seven lab assignment
Turnable Parameters
Unix/Linux kernel
semmni, semmns, aand semmsl reflect the
number of semaphores per set/Cache uses
shmmax, shmmni, shmseg, and shmall
reflect shared memory allocation
maxusers, pt_cnt, use_mxcc_prefetch
Filesystem (CDFS, MEMFS, NAMEFS, NFS, SFS, S5, UFS, VXFS)
Buffer cache
Amount of memory used to transfer a file system
structure such
as inodes, indirect blocks, and
cylinder groups.
data
Review week seven lab assignment
• Demonstrate /etc/sysconfig is the location of
configuration files.
• Software releases
Interfaces – normally remain the constant.
Implementations – actual fixes
Behaviors – system changes from one
implementation to another
Week eighth expected outcomes
Upon successful completion of this module, the
student will be able to:
• Create make file scripts for software programs.
• Use pattern rules in make files.
• Create an effective PowerPoint presentation.
• Create make files with multiple targets.
• Install software packages on a server.
Next Lab Assignment
• The Installation Exercise is an exercise that requires
following directions. Perform each step in the
prescribed sequence and syntax.
• Create an ASCII file named 4th_log.txt
• Create the following directory
/$HOME/itec400/homework/4th
•
Download the programming language “forth”
• Copy compressed “tar” file to your 4th directory
cd /$HOME/itec400/homework/4th
cp ~dandrear/public_html/itec400/Misc/4th-3.3d2-unix.tar.gz .
Next Lab Assignment
• The expected output is an executable file
called “4th”.
• Commands
who –r
fsck
/etc/fstab (view on cs.franklin.edu)
ls -a
Break-out problems
Firmware
BIOS
Master Boot Record (MBR)
Paging
System panic
Virtual memory
/boot/vmlinuz-*
Single user mode
init process
ASCII
FreeBSD software
Upcoming deadlines
• Programming Assignment 1, 5-1 is due
10/28/08.
• Installation Exercise, 8-1 is due 11/4/08
• Startup/Shutdown, 9-1 is due 11/11/08
• Account/LDAP Exercise, 10-1 is due 11/18
• Process Exercise, 10-2 is due 11/18
Questions and answers
• Questions
• Comments
• Concerns
• I am available after this Franklin Live session
to discuss any problems and/or concerns
regarding the lab assignments