Transcript Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing
Why is it called the cloud?
Clouds and VM
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First step to learning about cloud is
Virtualization
Taking VM from your desktop to cloud is our
goal (which will not be easy, but we will make
it happen)
Scaling and why it matters to have many VM ?
Connecting VM’s and what is an appliance ?
Discussion on VM <-> Cloud
What is a Virtual Machine?
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Classic Definition (Popek and Goldberg ’74)
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VMM Properties
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Fidelity
Performance
Safety and Isolation
What is a Virtual Machine?
• Software Abstraction
– Behaves like hardware
– Encapsulates all OS and
application state
• Virtualization Layer
– Extra level of indirection
– Decouples hardware, OS
– Enforces isolation
– Multiplexes physical
hardware across VMs
• Host OS and Guest OS
Virtualization Properties
Isolation
– Fault isolation
– Performance isolation
Encapsulation
– Cleanly capture all VM state
– Enables VM snapshots, clones
Portability
– Independent of physical hardware
– Enables migration of live, running VMs
Interposition
– Transformations on instructions, memory, I/O
– Enables transparent resource overcommitment,
encryption, compression, replication …
Cloud Concepts
•It is critical to build a scalable architecture in order to take
advantage of a scalable infrastructure
•Identify the monolithic components and bottlenecks in your
architecture
•Identify the areas where you cannot leverage the on-demand
provisioning capabilities
•Refactor your application in order to leverage the scalable aspects
•Scalability flavors:
•Vertical Scaling
•Horizontal Scaling
•Elasticity and finding the happy medium
•Think parallel and decoupled!
Cloud terms
A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consistingof a
collection of inter-connected and virtualized computersthat are
dynamically provisioned and presented as one ormore unified
computing resource(s) based on service-levelagreements
established through negotiation between theservice provider and
consumers.'
Cloud computing and emerging IT platforms: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing
as the 5th utility. Buyaa et al. http://goo.gl/BPyCcH
•Image/Appliance: a software image containing a
software stack designed to run on a virtual machine.
•Instance: an image/appliance running in a virtual
machine
NIST: National Institute of
Standards and Technology
US Department of Commerce
http://www.nist.gov/itl/cloud/
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Essential Characteristics
Service Models
Deployment Models
Commercial Terms of Service
Cloud: Essential Characteristics
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On-demand self-service: Client can provision
resources as needed in an automatic fashion without
human interaction with provider
Broad network access: Resources are accessible
through the internet
Resource pooling: Provider’s resources are pooled to
serve multiple clients. Resources can be reassigned
as needed
Rapid elasticity: Resources can be provisioned
rapidly
Measured service: Resource usage/allocation is
monitored/metered for each client
Cloud: Service Models
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Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS): Provides
software applications through cloud infrastructure for
clients to access through thin-clients (e.g. webbrowser)
Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS): Provides
infrastructure for applications deployed by the client
(e.g. provides an operating system)
Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): Provides
processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental
resources where the consumer is able to deploy and
run arbitrary software (e.g. client installs an operating
system)
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Cloud: Deployment Models
Private cloud: Cloud infrastructure for exclusive use
by a single organization. (e.g., UA’s cloud for IT
services)
Community cloud: Cloud infrastructure for exclusive
use by a specific community. (e.g., iPlant’s cloud)
Public cloud: Cloud infrastructure open for use by the
general public (e.g., Amazon)
Hybrid cloud: Cloud infrastructure that is a
composition of two or more distinct cloud
infrastructures as listed above that remain unique
entities
Distributing complete software stacks
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/13/42
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What is inside ?
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Parts of Openstack
Nova: primary computing engine
Swift: objects store
Cinder: block storage
Neutron: networking capability
Keystone: identity services
Glance: image mgmt services
Ceilometer: telemetry services
Heat: orchestration component
Horizon: Web UI
http://opensource.com/resources/what-is-openstack
What are we using ?
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Openstack Havana
http://futuregrid.github.io/manual/openstackhavana.ht
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Learn more about Openstack
http://opensource.com/business/14/2/openstackbeginners-guide
Next class hands on cloud !
How much does it cost?
http://calculator.s3.amazonaws.com/calc5.html
How much does it cost?
http://calculator.s3.amazonaws.com/calc5.html
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You have 2 TB of data.
You make the computational data parallel (Different
chunks of data may be processed simultaneously).
You want to process it, but it takes one core and 4GB of
RAM 10h to process 200MB of data (RAM usage scales
linearly with data).
How much will it cost to process all the data in 1 hour?
Note: the final output is 100MB. How much does cost
to transfer the data to AWS and transfer the results
back?
What is the difference between using the East Coast
versus the West Coast facilities?
FutureGrid!
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https://portal.futuregrid.org/tutorials
Do Tutorials:
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Tutorial Topic 0: Accessing FutureGrid Resources
Tutorial Topic 1: Using OpenStack Grizzly on FutureGrid