Transcript 8/31/05

Today’s Agenda
Chapter 4: System Software
Chapter 5: Application Software
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Chapter 4
System Software
System Software
Two Components of System Software:
 Operating System (OS): a set of programs
designed to work with a specific type of
computer
 System Utilities: maintenance functions used to
keep the computer system running smoothly
Five Functions of OS
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First Function: Starting the Computer
Booting: process of loading OS to memory
 Cold Boot: starting a computer that is not already on
 Warm Boot: restarting a computer that is already on
(Ctrl + Alt + Del)
 Kernel: central part of the OS that starts
applications, manages devices and memory, and
performs other functions
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Processes after Booting
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Step 1: The Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)
and Setup Program
Step 2: The Power-On Self-Test (POST)
Step 3: Loading the OS
Step 4: System Configuration
Step 5: Loading System Utilities
Step 6: Authenticating Users
Five Functions of OS
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Second Function: Managing Application
Single-Tasking OS: runs an application at a time
 Multitasking OS: runs multiple applications at a time
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Foreground Application: active application
 Background Application: inactive application
 Preemptive Multitasking: regains control if an application
stops running
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Five Functions of OS
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Third Function: Managing Memory
Virtual Memory: method of using a hard disk as an
extension of RAM
 Page: unit of fixed size of program instructions and
data
 Swap File: storing copies of pages in a hard disk file
 Paging: transferring of files from storage to memory
and back
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Five Functions of OS
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Fourth Step: Handling Input and Output
Interrupt: signal that informs the OS that something
has happened
 Interrupt Handler: mini-program that starts
immediately when an interrupt occurs
 Interrupt Request (IRQ): handler the
communication between input or output devices and
the CPU
 IRQ Conflict: result of serious system failure
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Five Functions of OS
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Fifth Step: Providing the User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
 Menu-Driven User Interface
 Command-Line User Interface
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Popular OS
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Microsoft Windows
XP
 NT
 CE
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MAC OS
Linux
MS-DOS
UNIX
System Utilities
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Backup Software
Antivirus Software
Searching for and Managing Files
Scanning and Defragmenting Disks
File Compression Utilities
System Update
Troubleshooting
Help and Support
Shutting Down System
Chapter 5
Application Software
General-Purpose Applications
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Personal Productivity Programs
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MS Office: Word, Excel, Access, PowerPoint, Outlook
WordPerfect Office: WordPerfect, Quattro Pro, Paradox,
Corel Presentations, Corel Central
Lotus SmartSuite: Word Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, Lotus Approach,
Freelance Graphics, Lotus Organizer
Multimedia and Graphics Software
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Paint/Drawing Programs (GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP)
Image Editors
Animation Programs
Audio Software
Video Editors
General-Purpose Applications
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Internet Programs
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E-Mail Programs
Web Browsers
Instant Messaging Software
Videoconferencing Software
Home and Educational Programs
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Personal Finance Software
Tax Preparation Software
Home Design and Landscaping Software
Computer-Assisted Tutorials
Encyclopedias
Games
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Tailor-Made Applications: designed for
specialized fields or consumers
Custom Software: developed by programmers
and software engineers to meet specific needs
Packaged Software: aimed at a mass market
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Standalone Program: program that is fully selfcontained
Integrated Program: program that offers all functions
in a single package
(http://www.microsoft.com/products/works/default.
mspx)
Software Suite: interconnected bundle of programs that
share resources with each other and are designed to
help workers accomplish tasks in a typical office
environment
System Requirements
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Software Upgrading: process of keeping current
version of an application
Software License: a contract distributed with a
program that gives a Right to install and use the
program on a computer
Site License: used for specified number of
computers
Software Versions
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Maintenance Release: a decimal number in a
version number
Time-Limited Trial Version: expired after a set
trial period
Beta Version: preliminary version of a program
Software Registration
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Commercial Software: software you must pay
for before using
Shareware: software that can be try before buy
Freeware: software given away for free but
cannot sell for profit
Public Domain Software: software expressly free
from copyright
Copy-Protected Software: software that you
cannot make unauthorized copies
Installing and Managing Application
Software
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Installing / Uninstalling Applications
Launching Applications
Choosing Options
Exiting Applications