Transcript Unit C: Computer Software

Computer Concepts-Illustrated
Introductory, Sixth Edition,
Enhanced
Unit C
Computer
UnitSoftware
C
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Objectives
Introduce computer software
Explain how computers
interpret software
Explore operating systems
Compare operating systems
Define office productivity
software
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Objectives
Define graphics software
Define entertainment and
education software
Define business and science
software
Understand utilities
Understand licenses and
copyrights
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Introduce Computer Software
Application Software
System Software
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Introduce Computer Software
System Software
Operating
Systems
Device
Drivers
Utilities
Programming
Languages
DOS
Windows
Mac OS
Linux
UNIX
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Introduce Computer Software
Application Software
Document
Production
Reference
Statistical
Spreadsheet
Software
Mathematical
Modeling
Entertainment
Data
Management
Accounting
& Finance
Music
Video
Educational
Graphics
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Introduce Computer Software
Computer program
 main executable program (.exe)
Support module
 called by the program (.dll)
Program data file
 Example: a dictionary file or a file that is
not supplied by the user
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Explain How Computers Interpret
Software
Computer programmers write
instructions for programs
Most businesses purchase
software instead of writing their
own
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Explain How Computers Interpret
Software
Computer languages
 Source code
 High-level languages: COBOL, C++, Java
Machine language
Compiler
 Creates object code in single batch
Interpreter
 Converts one instruction at a time
 Common with Web-based scripts (part of Web
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Explore Operating Systems
Interacts with application
software, device drivers &
hardware to manage computer’s
resources
GUI (graphical user interface)
Utilities
Bootstrap program is stored in
ROM
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How does the OS manage processor
resources?
Multitasking
 Two or more tasks run simultaneously
Multithreading
 Allows multiple parts of a program to
run simultaneously
Dual-core or multiple processors
support division of labor among
processing units
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Compare Operating Systems
Single user: PCs and handhelds
Desktop: desktop or notebook
PC; single-user, but could handle
networking
Multi-user: mainframes or
centralized computer processing
Network/Server: serves as router
to local computer processing
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Compare Operating Systems
Microsoft Windows
 80% of PCs
Mac OS
UNIX
 good for multi-user environment
Linux
 free; good for Web servers
DOS
Palm OS and Windows Mobil OS
Windows XP Tablet Edition
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Define Office Productivity Software
Document Production
 Compose, edit, design, print or
electronically publish documents
 Word processing; Desktop publishing; Web
authoring
Spreadsheet
 Numerical calculations and graphs
 Rows and columns
 Worksheet, cell, cell references
 Values, labels, functions, formulas
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Define Office Productivity Software
Databases
 Store, find, organize, update and report
information
 Collection of related files
 Records, fields, tables
Layout
 Physical position of elements
 Header, footer
Format
 Fonts, styles, paragraph styles, layout
 Tables, clip art
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Define Graphics Software
Create, display, modify,
manipulate and print graphics
Paint : realistic art and photos
Photo editing: simplifies common
editing tasks
Drawing: uses vector figures &
shapes to create “cartoon-like”
images.
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Define Graphics Software
3-D Graphics software:
create wireframes and then
cover with a texture
CAD (computer-aided
design): 3-D software
designed for architects and
engineers
Presentation software:
creates electronic slides like
these
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Define Entertainment Software
Audio editing (sound recorder)
Music
•Ear
MP3 player
Games
training
•Notation
•Computer-aided music
•MIDI sequencing
Video editing (Adobe Premiere)
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Define Educational Software
Learn and practice new skills
 Arithmetic
 Reading
 Languages
 Typing
 SAT
Reference software (CD-ROMs)
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ESRB Ratings
Entertainment Software Ratings
Board
Rated over 12,000 video and
computer games
Symbols indicate age groups
Content descriptors
 Violence, language, etc.
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Define Business Software
Accounting & Finance
 Personal finance
 Tax preparation
 Small business accounting
Vertical Market
 Hospitals, construction, schools
Horizontal Market
 Generic, like payroll
 Project management
Groupware
 Help collaboration on group projects
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Define Science Software
Statistical/graphing software
Mathematical modeling software
 Math CAD
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What is a Software Suite?
A collection of application
software sold in a package
 Microsoft Office, Star Office, Open
Office, WordPerfect Office
Available for productivity,
antivirus, and graphics
Cost and usability
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Using Data Responsibly
Don’t introduce inaccurate
information
Respect copyrights by giving
credit for data used
Respect privacy of subjects
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Understand Utilities
Third-party
 Enhance operating system
Compression
 Reduce file sizes: WinZip, PKZip
FTP (file transfer protocol)
 Upload or download files remotely
Security
 Antivirus, filters, firewalls
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Understand Utilities
Skins
 Customize desktops
Document reader
 Transfer documents into portable formats: Adobe
Acrobat
System
 Disk Maintenance: Norton System Works
Hard disk
 Backup, security, delete files
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Buying Utilities
Can be purchased at office supply
stores or online
Downloaded from the Web for free
on a trial basis
 After trial, pay a fee to continue service
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Understand Licenses and Copyrights
Software License: legal contract that
defines the ways you may use a
computer program
Copyright: legal protection that grants the
author of an original work an exclusive
right to copy, distribute, sell and modify
that work
Software piracy
For contract to take effect:
 Open a shrink-wrap license product
 Agree to an installation agreement
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Understand Licenses and Copyrights
Types of licenses:
 Single-user
 End-user
 Site license
 Multiple-user
 Concurrent-user
 Shrink-wrap
Programs without copyright
notices are still protected by law
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Types of Copyright Protections
Commercial: License adheres to
limitations of copyright law
Shareware: try before you buy on the
honor system
Freeware: no fee - can use, but not alter
or sell
Open Source: uncompiled source code
that can be changed - sold or free
Public Domain: can be copied, altered
and resold
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Tech Talk: Installing Software
System requirements
 Operating system and minimum hardware
capacities
Steps (setup.exe)
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Copy files to hard drive
Uncompress if necessary (WinZip)
Verify system requirements met
Select appropriate device drivers
Necessary system files/players (Media Player)
Update registry and program menu
Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove
programs
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Context: Journalism
Technology has benefited print
journalism
 Word processing and DTP software
 Networks
 Journalists use Internet and e-mail
 Web sites
 AV Equipment is digital
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Issue
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What is being done about
software piracy?
End-user piracy/counterfeiting
Internet piracy
Some countries cannot afford
Some believe software should be
freely distributed
What is the damage?
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Unit Summary
Software comes in two types:
application and system
Operating systems control
computer functioning
Application software performs
tasks
Pay attention to copyrights
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Computer Software
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