Transcript Installing Template Theme Files

IOS XR Introduction
•
Anilkumar Dantu
CCIE (22536)
HTTS, Cisco Systems
Carrier Grade NOS Features Expectation and OS
Concepts
Welcome to XR OS
XR OS packaging
XR OS installation
Configuration in XR OS
Troubleshooting in XR
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 Scalability
 High Availability
 Security
 Flexibility
It is not that IOS does not meet these expectations. Only extent to which it can meet
these expectations in future was getting challenged due to its OS structure.
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 Operating system, Kernel , CPU , memory , I/O , Applications , processes etc
OS
OS
Monolithic Kernel
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Micro kernel
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Distributed subsystems/processes
Scheduling
Management plane
IPC mech.
Data plane
Memory mgmt.
XMLSNMP
CLI
Netflow
XMLSNMP
Alarm
Netflow
Perf. mgmt. XML
Alarm
Netflow
SSH
Perf. Mgmt.
Alarm
SSH
Perf. Mgmt.
Data plane
RIB IGMP
L2 drivers
BGP
Control plane
Control Plane
Control plane
Control Plane
- Plane separation & fault
isolation
Data plane
ACL
RIB
L2 Drivers
FIB ACL
L2 Drivers
QoS FIB
ACL
LPTSQoS
FIB
Host services
LPTSQoS
PFI Services
Host
LPTS
Interfaces
PFI Services
Host
CLI
Interfaces
PFI
SNMPCLI
Interfaces
Control plane
RIP BGP
IS-IS RIP
BGP
OSPFIS-IS
RIP
Routing policy
OSPFIS-IS
PIM
Policy
Routing
OSPF
IGMP PIM
Routing Policy
RIB IGMP
PIM
- Protected process memory space
- Preemptive Scheduling
Management plane
Management plane
SSH
 Core OS Capabilities(QNX Based Micro Kernel)
H/W abstraction
System services
Memory-protected microkernel
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• More than 200+ Processes.
• Checkpoint support for process
Restart and process level Redundancy
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IOS
XR
Kernel
Monolithic
Micro kernel
Memory
Shared
Protected
Scheduling of process
Priority based- Non-preemptive
Priority based- preemptive
Process stop/restart
No
Yes
Modular architecture
No
Yes
Services running mode
Kernel mode
Application/user space mode
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• Inline with its software architecture XR OS Software is available as a modular
package. On CCO we can download XR OS in form of Tar file eg : XR12000-iosxr-4.1.0.tar
• Once file is untarred – we see Cisco IOS XR Bootable Files, PIEs, and SMUs
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• Cisco IOS XR Bootable Files, PIEs, and SMUs
• Files ending with .vm extension are bootable files. VM file contains – operating
system kernel , Base image , admin plane functions , routing & forwarding
bundles. VM files is used to boot router during fresh installation or as last resort
recovery. Installation of the .vm image file results in the installation of a number
of individual packages.
MGBL
• PIE (Package installation envelope) : Upgrade packages,
Optional additional packages
• SMU (software Maintainence units) : These are fixes
MPLS
SEC
MCAST
Optional
Routing
Line card
Forwarding
Mandatory
Admin
Or patches for Bugs. Eg- c12-4.1.0.CSCto40258.pie
Base
OS-MBI
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• In XR TURBO-BOOT refers to booting of Router from ROMON mode.
• TURBO-BOOT is required during IOS to XR conversion or recovery of router from ROMON mode.
• TURBO_BOOT steps:
- First step is to verify existing ROMON settings by querying it using “set” command
-you can use “unset Variable” command to clear existing settings
-Second step is to set the TURBOBOOT variable in ROMON to a non-volatile storage where .vm
file is stored.
- Last step is
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rommonB7> boot disk0:c12k-mini.vm-4.1.0
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- With TURBOBOOT variable in ROMON set to “on” and boot command starts the TURBOBOOT
process. Here XR OS is loaded into memory & after verification of disk space ,OS is copied to the
disk.
- Once OS is copied to disk , boot variable is set to disk0: product_osmbi_4.1.0/product-rp.vm &
config register is set to 0x102. After that node is reloaded to boot from disk0: the new boot
variable. This completes the TURBOBOOT process.
- Once installation of XR OS is complete and we can verify the details using commands
show install active summary
show version
- Installation/booting with .vm file give only basic routing & forwarding capability. For additional
capability you need to install specific PIE files.
- Install add disk0:package_name.pie activate
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• From XR OS installation procedure we have seen flash disk (disk0: , disk1:) is used extensively
for loading XR image , config files (running configs , roll back configs) , PIEs , SMUs etc. So
pulling out flash disk from running node will make node unresponsive/reload.
• Make sure RP cards has appropriate disk space available , RP & LC hardware are compatible
with XR as OS, and also verify the RP, LC has minimum firmware (romon, fpd) level to boot up in
XR.
• Many of the XR supporting nodes RP cards will have a harddisk (40GB or more) used basically
for archiving of logs, dump files , additional sw packages.
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• - In XR there is no differentiation as startup-config & running config as in IOS.
• - In XR configuration is divided into Admin plane , share plane & local plane. Hence the
configuration file structure is also developed to support it.
• Here running configuration is stored in binary format (known as primary persistent configuration)
as compared to ASCII format of startup/running config in IOS. Configuration file stored in binary
format helps in faster loading during bootup. And added features of commit reference points,
rollback is made possible.
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• RP & LC states.
• Logs & storing of wrapped logs,
• Show tech files
• Traces captures
• Process crash traceback decodes
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Thank you.