Transcript 7-medieval ppt - Public Schools of Robeson County

Medieval Europe: Unit 2
Defining the Medieval Period
Copy this into your notes: Right side
Classical Civilization
(Beginning of European Civilization 
Roman Empire)
Medieval Europe
(Fall of Rome  Before the Renaissance)
Modern Times
(Renaissance  Today)
Then, answer the question
below on the left side of your
Interactive notebook. Write the
Question in the answer. The title for
this is Bell Ringer.
Step 1: Think about what the
Flow chart is trying to teach/ tell you.
Question: 1. Have you heard of any
of these things (words) before?
2. What was the Roman Empire?
3. What do you think Medieval is?
The time period has also been called the “Middle Ages” and the “Dark Ages”
Medieval Europe: Stages
Early Medieval Europe
(c. 500–1000)
High Medieval Europe
(c. 1000–1300)
Late Medieval Europe
(c. 1300–1500)
The Fall of the Roman Empire
• Beginning of
the Middle
Ages
• Invasions
• End of the
Roman
emperors
The Barbarian Invasions
• From Asia:
Huns and
Magyars
• From the
Germanic
north: Saxons,
Angles, and
Goths
Europe in 814
Rise of the Germanic Peoples
“Invasion of the Goths into the Roman Empire,”
a 19th-century painting
• Ostrogoths: Italian
peninsula
• Visigoths:
modern-day Spain
• Angles and
Saxons: modernday Britain
• Franks: central
Europe
44 second: Anglo Saxons
• AD 500
• Anglos and Saxons took over England after the Romans left
and their empire disintegrated (fell apart).
• These people became known as Anglo Saxons, and they
pushed away the people who were living in England.
• They competed with the Franks, who were a powerful
Germanic tribe that lived in France and parts of Germany.
Clovis (466–511)
• Established a Frankish
kingdom in central Europe
• Conquered many competing
tribes and regional Roman
political leaders
• Converted to Catholic
Christianity
• The people of his lands
followed suit (did the same
thing)
Charlemagne (742–814)
• Powerful leader, faithful
Christian
• Created the Carolingian
Empire
• Crowned by Pope Leo III as
the first Holy Roman
Emperor
• Charlemagne, ruled over a large
empire in what is now France,
Germany and parts of Italy.
• He encouraged learning and set
up schools.
•
He also rescued the Pope from Roman
attackers, thereby spreading his empire and
Christianity.
Charlemagne Dies
• After Charlemagne's death, land owning nobles became
important political figures and raised armies.
• When invaders came the nobles exchanged protection with
the serfs, for services, like farming or fighting in the army.
• By 1000, the European kingdoms were divided into hundreds
of feudal territories.
- 10 minutes
1. On the RIGHT side of
your social studies
interactive notebook,
write down the Essential
Question and Learning
Target (I can statement).
2. Look at the picture. On
the LEFT side of your
interactive notebook Write
2-5 sentences about what
you think the picture is
about.
Info.
• Economic system: a system of making, buying, and
selling goods and services
• Inc. = incorporation.
• A business
Think: How was feudalism a social and economic
system?
Where we left off……
Charlemagne Dies
• After Charlemagne's death, land owning nobles became
important political figures and raised armies.
• When invaders came the nobles exchanged protection with
the serfs, for services, like farming or fighting in the army.
• By 1000, the European kingdoms were divided
into hundreds of feudal territories.
Social Hierarchy: Feudalism
A French vassal receiving a feudal grant from the king
•
A political, economic,
and social system in
which land was broken
into pieces and
exchanged for services;
•
Everyone’s roles were
clear
•
Originally developed as
a means of protection
and defense
Causes of Feudalism
Charlemagne Dies
Charlemagne's empire ends
Nobles rise in Importance
Nobles become Political Figures
Nobles Build Armies
Need for Defense from Enemies
Invaders Threaten Peace
The Public Wants Protection
Causes of Feudalism
Charlemagne
Dies
Nobles rise
in
Importance
Need for
Defense from
Enemies
Charlemagne's empire
ends
Nobles become
Political Figures
Invaders
Threaten
Peace
Nobles
Build
Armies
The Public
Wants
Protection
The Feudal Hierarchy
Kings and Queens
Monarch
Lords and Vassals
Lords and ladies
Low ranking
vassals
Knights
Peasants
Serfs
and Freemen
Roles in the Feudal System: 20
minutes max
Who are the people in the picture?
England
England
• 1066: Battle of Hastings
• William the Conqueror
(1027–1087)
• Brought feudalism to
England
• Henry II (1154–1189)
• Instituted a single
common law code,
unified court system
William the Conqueror
Magna Carta (1215)
• Conflict between King
John and the English
nobility
• Nobles rebelled against
excessive taxation; coerced
King John to sign the
Magna Carta in 1215
• Limited the power of the
monarch (Kings and
Queens)
• King no longer above the
Law
A photograph
of the Magna
Carta
Development of Parliament
• Henry III (1216–1272)
• Edward I (1239–1307)
• Original parliament
• House of Lords: nobles
and church lords
• House of Commons:
knights and residents
• Approved taxes, discussed
policies, worked with the
monarch to make laws
Edward I
Islam in Europe
• In the 8th
century,
Islamic
forces took
control of
Spain
Muslim
innovations
Great Mosque of Córdoba
• Agriculture
• Architecture
• Math and
science
The Reconquista of Spain
• For nearly 800 years,
Muslims ruled the
Iberian Peninsula
• Reconquista:
Struggle between
Christians and
Muslims to control
Spain
Isabella and Ferdinand
Bell Ringer: 7 min.
• On the RIGHT side of your
social studies interactive
notebook, write down the
Essential Question and
Learning Target (I can
statement).
• Write the question in the
answer.
• Use complete sentences!
• On the LEFT side of your
interactive notebook answer
this question: “Why do you
think people go to war?”
• Hint: I think people go to
war because of __________.
The Catholic Church
Expands Its Power
• The Church becomes
more of a political
entity
• Struggles with
monarchs
• Expanded land
ownership
Pope Gregory VII
Henry IV of Germany
The Crusades
Louis IX of France
leads crusaders
against Damietta, in
Egypt
• 1095–1291
• Goals of the Crusades:
• Convert nonbelievers
• Eliminate heretics
• Regain control of the Holy Land from the Muslims
Pope Urban II
• 1095: Pope
Urban II’s
speech
• Promised
spiritual
rewards
• Thousands
responded
to the call
for
religious
warriors
Pope Urban
II calling
for the
Crusades
The First Crusade (1096–1099)
• 1096: Mostly French
knights
• Captured Jerusalem
in 1099
• Crusader states
• 1187 Jerusalem taken
by Muslim forces
under Saladin
A depiction of the capture of Jerusalem by crusaders
Other Crusades
• Major and minor
crusades took place
between the 12th and
14th centuries
• Christians unsuccessful
at recapturing the Holy
Land
• Popes invoked crusades
more often and for nonspiritual purposes
• Legacy of the Crusades:
• Increased trade
• Religious tensions arose
The Crusade on Constantinople
Web Quest
Type in this web address:
http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=256079
*Record answers on a separate sheet of paper.
*Write in complete sentences!
Bell ringer
• On the RIGHT side of your social studies interactive notebook,
write down the Essential Question and Learning Target (I can
statement).
• On the LEFT side of your interactive notebook answer this
question: “What is the cartoonist trying to tell you?”
Quick Foldable
• Top flap title: Causes of crusades
• Flip title: Effects of the Crusades
Popcorn Reading
• Page 563 in 7th grade (green) textbook
Background Knowledge:
Eastern Orthodox Church in Byzantine Empire
Roman Catholic Church in Western Europe
• European Crusaders
• War prompted by:
• Pope wanting Power
• Land
• Religion
Popcorn Reading Cont.
• The Effects of the Crusades
• Knowledge
• Architecture: ships, maps, compass
• Trade: exchange spices, sugar, silk
Weakened Feudalism:
• Crusading Nobles sold land and freed the serfs
Animosity between Christians W. Europe and
Islamic world
Causes of The Hundred Years’ War:
• 1337–1453
• Struggles between
royal French and
English families over
who would rule either
country
• Conflicts over
territory, trade
English ruler Edward III
The Plague: Its Taking Over!
Spread of the Plague
• Started in China
• Reached Europe
in 1347 on a
merchant ship on
the island of
Sicily (Italy)
• 1347–48:
Southern Europe
• 1349–50: central
Europe and the
British Isles
Popular Medical “Cures”
for the Plague
A costume
worn by doctors
to ward off the
Plague
• Doctors wore weird
costumes
• Bathing in human urine
• Wearing excrement
• Placing dead animals in
peoples homes
• Cleansing the blood with
leeches
• Drinking molten gold
and powdered emeralds
• Burning incense to get
rid of the smell of the
Effects of the Plague
• Killed 25–30
million
Europeans
• People second
guessed their
religion
• Economy shifts
• Culture shifted
The Plague
• The Plague
worksheet. 15 min
• Famine and Plague
Legacy of the Medieval Era
• Transitional period
• New kingdoms evolved
• The Church became
very powerful
• Modern institutions
developed
Church Conflicts
• Great Schism
• People claiming to be the Pope
• Church Wealth and Corruption
• People wanted a more spiritual Christianity
Analyze