Transcript Nonmetals and Metalloids

Nonmetals and Metalloids
Study Pack #7
Learning Targets…
I can recognize that groups of elements
have similar properties.
 I understand that elements and
compounds can be classified by how
they react with each other and how they
are used.

Nonmetals on the Periodic Table

Located to the right of the zigzag
Physical Properties of Nonmetals

Many are gases at room temperature
– Bromine is the only nonmetal that is liquid
at room temperature

Low boiling points
Physical Properties of Nonmetals

Opposite of metals
– Dull
– Brittle: not malleable or ductile, break
easily or crumble
– Lower densities than metals
– Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Chemical Properties
of Nonmetals

Most easily form compounds except
group 18
Families of Nonmetals
Carbon Family
 Nitrogen Family
 Oxygen Family
 Halogen Family
 Noble Gases
 Hydrogen

The Carbon Family
Group 14
 Only one element that is a nonmetal – C
 All living things contain carbon

The Nitrogen Family
Group 15
 2 nonmetals – N and P
 Living things use nitrogen, it is found in
the atmosphere
 Phosphorous is found in compounds

The Oxygen Family
Group 16
 3 nonmetals – 0, S, Se
 Oxygen is very reactive and can
combine with just about every other
element
 Sulfur is found in rubber bands,
automobile tires, medicines

The Halogen Family
Group 17
 4 nonmetals - F, Cl, Br, I
 Very reactive
 Dangerous to humans
 Compounds are useful

– F – nonstick cookware, flouride
– Cl – table salt
The Noble Gases
Group 18
 Are unreactive, do not form compounds
with other elements
 He – balloons
 Also found in glowing electric lights

Hydrogen
Upper left corner
 Simplest element
 Only has 1 proton and 1 electron
 Cannot be grouped into a family

Metalloids
7 elements along the zigzag
 Have some characteristics of metals
and nonmetals
 Si – sand, glass, and cement
 Semiconductors – conduct electricity
under certain conditions

– Used to make computer chips, transistors,
and lasers