Transcript History of Computers

Sabrina Donald
November 26, 2012
Brief History
• The word ‘computer’ is an old word that has changed its meaning
several times in the last few centuries.
• Originating from the Latin, by the mid-17th century it meant
‘someone who computes’
• Having to do with human activity it later changed to “a
programmable electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process
data” according to webster dictionary in 1980
•
The first computer ….
• The first computer was in 1936, the Z1 computer by Konrad Zuse
which was described as a the first freely programmable computer.
• Following the Z1 was the John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry
computer called the ABC computer, first in computing biz but it
was not as easy as ABC. (1942)
• BOTH OF THOSE WERENT AS POPULAR OR KNOWN
• Known as the first computer was the Harvard Mark I Computer by
Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper, 1944
• Known to the public as the first computer was the ENIAC 1
Computer …
First Generation Computers…
• ENIAC 1 computer was invented b John Presper Eckert and John
W. Mauchly.
• Known as a WWII era computer
• Its considered to be apart of the “First Generation” of computers.
(1951-1959) They are also known as commercial computers.
• These computers were built using Vacuum tubs to store
information.
• Vacuum Tubes generated a great deal of heat and was not very
reliable however the machines that used them require heavy duty air
conditioning and frequent maintenance
• Being the the ENIAC was considered to be in the first
generation of computers the Transistor happened to be the
beginning to the second generation
• The transistor was not a a computer, its creation allowed its
inventors William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Braittain
a Nobel Prize. The Transistor replaced the Vacuum Tube has
the main component in the hardware.
• 2nd Generation also witnessed several important developments
at all levels of computer system design
• 1948 was the Manchester Baby computer and the williams tube (Frederic
Williams & Toms Kilburn)
• Several years later, 1951 was the UNIVAC computer (John Presper
Eckert and John W. Mauchly) This was a very important computer. This
is because it was the FIRST commercial computer and it was able to pick
presidential winners.
The 3rd Generation was characterized by
intergrated circuits …
Third Generation (1965-1971)
• 1969 ARPAnet, The original Internet.
• 1970 Intel 1103 Computer Memory, The world's first
available dynamic RAM chip.
• Intergrated Circuits are solid pieces of silicone that
contained the transistors, other components and their
connections.
• Gordon Moore noted that from the time of the inventuon
of the IC the number of circuits that could be placed on
a sinlge intergrated circuit was doubling each year this is
known as Moores Law.
Large scale interagration chaacterizes the 4th
generation…
4th generation computers …
• The 4th generation computers are marked by the usage of integrated
circuits and microprocessors
• computers became smaller and smaller, and their prices became
lower and lower.
• Millions of components could be placed onto a single silicon chip.
Computers became more efficient and more reliable, and they could
perform more and more operations.
• They began to catch the eye of the general public, and soon more
sophisticated software and equipment were designed.
• Networks became commonplace, and the whole world was
connected by the Internet and by the World Wide Web.
Presently …
• The development of these computers has shaped technology
drastically.
• Each year the development of technology became more and more
advanced
• Currently we have Laptops, Personal Computers, Tablets and Smart
Phones.
• Apple inc. Has drastically changed since its first MAC computer in
1984.
•
Tablets & Smart Phones …
• A smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating
system
• the first smartphones combined the functions of a personal digital
assistant (PDA) with a mobile phone.
• Later models added the functionality of portable media players,
low-end compact digital cameras, pocket video cameras, and GPS
navigation units to form one multi-use device.
• Tablet is described simply as a mobile computer with a tuch screen
• More like a mini computer and a huge mobile phone
• The future of modern technology
• Examples being surface, acer tablet, ebook, kindle and iPad
Lets Review :
What was the FIRST computer
What was the name of the WWII computer?
Known as the FIRST computer.
Used Vacuum Tubes
Apart of first generation computers
What was the main component of the
UNIVAC computer?
Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Invention
First Generation computer
First commercial computer, able to pick presidential candidates
First computer
All of the above
What have you learned?
Eniac
Original internet
UNIVAC
3rd Generation
Intergrated Circuits
John Presper
Z1 Computer
1951
ARPAnet
First Computer