Transcript Intel® Processor Architecture: Multi

Intel® Processor Architecture:
Multi-core Overview
Intel® Software College
Intel® Software College
Objectives
After completing this module, you will be able to understand:
• the benefits that multi/many core
• the multi/many - core trend
Intel® Processor Architecture:Multi-core Overview
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Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
Power: Increasing Pipelines for Processor
Performance
Advantages
• If instruction stream runs without issue it runs fast
• Marketing value to running at high processor speeds
Disadvantages
• Processor takes larger hit for performance issues
• Branch mispredict costs ~10 cycle on PIII and costs ~30
cycles today on current P4
• Power (Pay attention this is the important)
• Transistors fire faster causing more leakage and greater
amount of power
• Primary problem is gate oxide leakage
Intel® Processor Architecture:Multi-core Overview
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Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
Effects of Transistor Leakage on Processor Power: 2002
Leakage Power
(% of Total)
50%
Must stop
at 50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1.5
0.7
0.35
0.18
0.09
0.05
Technology (m)
"Scaling is already dead but nobody noticed it
had stopped breathing and its lips had turned blue.“
Bernie Meyerson, IBM CTO on Scaling Between 130 and 90 nm
A. Grove, IEDM 2002
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Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
Processor Power and Processor Speed2
Power vs. Frequency Curve for Single Architecture
359
309
Power (w)
259
Dropping Frequency
= Large Drop Power
209
159
109
59
9
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3
3.2
3.4
Frequency (GHz)
Lower Frequency Allows Headroom for 2nd Core
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Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
Demo
Performance comparison:
• single-threaded vs. multi-threaded program
Intel® Processor Architecture:Multi-core Overview
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Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
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Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Intel® Software College
Converged Core: The Core Micro-architecture
is basis for mobile, desktop, and server
processors
Mobile Platform
Desktop Platform
August 2006
July 2006
Merom-4M
Merom-2M
2M L2
2 cores
June 2006
Conroe-4M
Conroe-2M
4M L2
2M L2
2 cores
Mobile Platform Optimized
• 2 Execution Cores
• 2/4MB L2 Cache Sizes
• 35 Watt TDP/ 1.5W Avg
• Power Optimized Silicon
• Deep C4 State**
• Bus Geyserville **
• 64-bit
Server/Workstation
Platform
2 cores
4M L2
2 cores
Desktop Platform Optimized
• 2 Execution Cores
• 2/4MB Cache Sizes
• Higher Bus Frequencies
• 65W TDP/~7.5W Avg
• 64-bit
2-4 cores
Server Platform Optimized
• 2 to 4 Execution Cores
• 4 to 8MB L2 Caches
• DP/MP support
• Various platform features
• 80W TDP
• 64-bit
All dates provided are subject to change without notice.
**Feature Names TBD
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Copyright © 2006, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
Intel and the Intel logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. *Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.