Transcript Future is Ahead

The Expanding Role of e-HRD as
the Future Becomes the Present
Curt Bonk, Ph.D.
Indiana University
CourseShare.com
http://php.indiana.edu/~cjbonk
[email protected]
The future of e-learning is learner-centric
(Adler & Rae, Jan., 2002, e-learning mag)
• Imagine that in the future you will have
your own personalized learning
environment that reflects your individual
style and learning needs, and is instantly
available. Not only will it be your one
point of learning entry for everything you
need to learn, but it will continue to learn
as you learn and modify its behavior
based on interacting with you over time.
Jobs of the Future and the Education They will
Require: Evidence from Occupational Forecasts,
Thomas Bailey, Educational Researcher, March, 1991, p. 11-20.
1991 Predictions (10 occs
largest absolute growth):
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Salesperson, retail (4%)
Registered nurse (3.4%)
Janitor and cleaner (3.1%)
Waiter, waitress (3%)
General manager (2.6%)
Gen office clerk (2.5%)
Secretary (2.1%)
Nurses aide (2.1%)
Truck driver (2%)
Receptionist/clerk (1.8%)
2001 Reality:
• Webmaster
• Web Designer
• Chief Learning Officer
• Chief Knowledge Officer
• Learning Architect/Guru
• Java Programmer
• Teacher Relations Manager
• Director of E-Learning
• VP E-book Strat Alliance
• Senior Director of
Epistemology & Pedagogy
Global Learning, 2008
(Clark Aldrich, in press)
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Expert Locator (find in email)
HR Expert Compensation (motivate)
Learning Integrators (politics)
Simulation Graphic Artists (2D & 3D)
Information Taxonomist (org data)
Content Editor (clean up/synthesize)
E-Learning Trainers (motivate e-lrnrs)
Usage Anthropologist (observe users)
The Market is Exploding!
“IDC expects the market to double in size every
year through 2003 when the total e-learning
market will reach $11.5 billion. Corporations
are particularly interested in training their
employees in soft skills (leadership, sales,
etc.)…growing at twice the rate of IT training.”
Steven McWilliam (2000), e-learning, 1(2), p. 48.
What do you teach online?
(Forrester Report)
Michelle Delio (2000), Wired News.
Compliance Skills
Soft Skills
Product Positioning
Application Skills
Programming
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Software and hardware customers
e-learn the ropes
Scott Tyler Shafer, Red Herring, Feb. 13, 2001
• “Since Cisco is looking to educate 800,000
people globally, the classroom model wasn’t
feasible. …Cisco selected and certified 120
partner training companies…”
• “Oracle says it has 1,000 developers signing up
every day to take courses over the company’s
Web Oracle Network (OLN)…estimates it will
train 2.5 million engineers in 2001.” (this was
only 500,000 in 2000)
New Survey: Future of E-Learning
and HRD
The Cost of E-learning
• Brandon-hall.com estimates that an
LMS system for 8,000 learners costs
$550,000
• This price doesn’t include the cost of
buying or developing content
• Bottom line: getting started in elearning isn’t cheap
Success Story #1
(Sitze, March 2002, Online Learning):
EDS and GlobalEnglish
Charge: Reduce money on English training
Goal: 80% online in 3 months
Result: 12% use in 12 months
Prior Costs: $1,500-5,000/student
New Cost: $150-300/user
Notes: Email to participants was helpful in
expanding use; rolling out other additional
languages.
Success Story #2 (Overby, Feb 2002, CIO):
Dow Chemical and Offensive Email
Charge: Train 40,000 employees across 70
countries; 6 hours of training on workplace respect
and responsibility.
Specific Results: 40,000 passed
Savings: Saved $2.7 million ($162,000 on record
keeping, $300,000 on classrooms and trainers,
$1,000,000 on handouts, $1,200,000 in salary
savings due to less training time).
Success Story #3 (Overby, Feb 2002, CIO):
Dow Chemical and Safety/Health
Charge: Train 27,000 employees on
environmental health and safety work
processes.
Results: Saved $6 million; safety incidents
have declined while the number of Dow
employees have grown.
Success Story #4 (Overby, Feb 2002, CIO):
Dow Chemical and e-learning system
Charge: $1.3 million e-learning system
Savings: $30 million in savings ($850,000 in
manual record-keeping, $3.1 in training
delivery costs, $5.2 in reduced classroom
materials, $20.8 in salaries since Web
required 40-60% less training time).
Success Story #5 (Ziegler, e-learning, April 2002):
British Telecom & sales training
Costs: Train 17,000 sales professionals to sell
Internet services using Internet simulation.
Result: Customer service rep training
reduced from 15 days to 1 day; Sales
training reduced from 40 days to 9 days.
Savings: Millions of dollars saved; sales
conversion went up 102 percent; customer
satisfaction up 16 points.
Success Story #6. Infusing E-Learning
(Elliott Masie, March 2002, e-learning Magazine)
A manufacturing company transformed a weeklong safety program into a three-part offering:
1. One day in classroom
2. Multiple online simulations and lessons.
3. One final day of discussions and exams.
Must accomplish online work before phase 3—
this raised success rate, transfer of skills, and
lowered hours away from the job.
Are all training results
quantifiable?
• NO! Putting a price tag on some costs
and benefits can be very difficult
• NO! Some data may not have much
meaning at face value
– What if more courses are offered and annual
student training hours drop simultaneously?
Is this bad?
Global Learning, 2008
(Clark Aldrich, in press)
• Because of the transformational nature
of the benefits to both corporations and
individuals, within fifteen years,
enterprises will spend hundreds of
billions in e-learning services…HR,
knowledge management, and e-learning
will be much more aligned from a
vision, organizational, process, and
technology perspective.
Find a Winning Blend
(Andy Snidor, March 2002, e-learning Magazine)
“…there is no real vendor or approach that
provides the complete solution…Finding
the ideal blend of technology and nontechnology delivery components and
matching those with appropriate content
and structure is not a very complex
process if the goals are clear.”
Data From Massie Institute and
Forrester Research Reports
• 49% are distracted while e-learning
• 43% are eating or multitasking while
learning
• Programs with as high as 80% dropout.
• Lack of interactive materials.
• 77% did not track employee
participation.
• 41% cited cultural resistance—employees
wanted traditional programs.
We are moving from
1. extended books and
2. extended lecture models of elearning;
3.extended community
4. extended expert access
5. embedded help, and
6. simulations
Clark Aldrich, (in press). A Field Guide to Educational
Simulations.
Six Categories of Vendors
(Clark Aldrich, 2001, Global Learning 2008)
1. LMS Portals: infrastructure
2. LCMS: tools for content library
3. Virtual Classrooms: synchronous
instructor (and asynchronous)
4. Off-the-shelf: bus & IT courses
5. Custom Content: build courses
6. Integrators: solutions (Eduprise)
1. LMS Management Technologies
(Karrer, 2001, Online Learning Conference)
• Report Recommendation: Bandon_Hall.com
• Choices: Saba, Docent, Plateau, Click2Learn,
Sun.
• Content: Off the Shelf LMS, Custom LMS,
SCORM compatible
• Hall, B. (2000a). Learning management systems: How to
choose the right system for your organization.
Sunnyvale, CA: Brandon-Hall.com.
• Hall, B. (2000b). Live e-learning: How to choose a
system for your organization. Sunnyvale, CA: BrandonHall.com.
2. LCMS Management
Technologies
(Karrer, 2001, Online Learning Conference)
• LCMS: WBT Systems, Global
Knowledge, KnowledgeXtensions, etc.
• Learning objects (PowerPoint slides,
video clips, illustrations, quiz questions,
course modules)
• Organize and deliver them in infinite
ways
3. Synchronous Instructor-Led
Technologies
(Karrer, 2001, Online Learning Conference)
• Virtual Classroom: NetMeeting,
Placeware, Centra, HorizonLive, WebEx
• Training the Trainer
• Web-Casts, Whiteboards, Chats, Live
Surveys, Polls, Reports, Web Browsing,
File Transfer, Application Sharing,
Archives, Break-Out Rooms
Asynchronous Instructor-Led
Technologies
• Asynchronous or Threaded Discussions:
Sitescape Forum, FirstClass, Blackboard
• Training the Trainer
4. E-Learning Content
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Capella
Click 2 Learn
Colleges/Universities
Digital Think
Docent, Inc.
Eduprise
Element K
eMind.com
eSocrates
ExecuTrain
Jones International
University
 KnowledgeNet
 Knowledge Planet
 Mentergy--includes
LearnLinc products
 Microsoft Training and
Service
 Netg
 Prime Learning
 Saba
 Smart Force
 ThinQ (i.e., Trainingnet)
 TrainSeek
 Vcampus
 Viviance New Education
 Walden Univ./Institute
5. Courseware Authoring
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HTML/Javascript
Flash
Authorware
Word and Powerpoint
Dreamweaver
Toolbook, Designer’s Edge, TrainerSoft
(Lots of tools and lots of problems)
The Future
Note: any predictions are bound to
be too conservative!!!
14 Technologies for HRD?
1. Human Resource
Portals/Business
Development Resources
2. Communities of
Practice
3. Electronic Books
4. Instructor/Trainer
Portals
5. Knowledge
Management
6. Intelligent Agents
7. Online Language
Support
8. Online Mentoring
9. Online Simulations
10. Peer-to-Peer
Collaboration
11. Reusable Knowledge
Objects
12. Virtual Worlds/Virtual
Reality/AI
13. Wearable Computing
14. Wireless Technology
1. Human Resource Portals/Business
Development Resources
• Dial a job
• Job matching
• Resume sharing
• Contract workers
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• E-Learning Courses
• E-Learning Instructors
• Secure New Business
But What About RPF Matching Sites?
2. Communities of
Practice
• Awareness of who is in the space
– Roster of who belongs
– Roster of who is currently viewing materials;
• Customization of the space for the group
– a customized identifying banner
• Ability to interact in multiple synchronous
and asynchronous ways.
• Place for a community to identify who they
are
– charter, principles, membership, goals, etc.
Community Space at Eli Lilly
• an electronic environment designed
around expected community behaviors
and attributes; the three B's of
community: believing, behaving, and
belonging.
“The space is continuing to evolve, but the intention
is to create a place that feels like you are with
other people …CommunitySpace works best
when we have spent time building a community
environment as opposed to using the technology
in isolation. Building of relationships is critical to
community success and we have found this
difficult to do on-line alone.”
Expert Chat: Java Programmers
3. Electronic Books
4. Instructor/Trainer Portals
Certificate: Using the Internet in Corp
Training
Jones International University
• Corp trainers retool existing
content for online delivery; build an
online module
• 4 weeks, $550; also optional
customized corp training certificate
• Use Web to enhance course
content, & create a powerful,
interactive learning environment
for trainees.
5. Intelligent Agents/AI
The future of e-learning is
learner-centric
(Adler & Rae, Jan., 2002, e-learning mag)
“You could also choose to have an intelligent,
interactive mentor who pops up anytime you
choose when you need a little performance support.
For example, you may be writing a technical brief
when you realize you need more in-depth
information on the topic. You could then click on a
mentor icon on your desktop to bring up the
intelligent mentor. The mentor would gather the
learning objects necessary and deliver them to the
environment, which would assemble them for an
immediate learning experience.”
6. Knowledge Management
7. Online Language Support
(pronunciation, communication, vocabulary, grammar, etc.)
GlobalEnglish
(Instructor-led and self-paced)
Typical Features (e.g., Englishtown
(millions of users from over 100 countries)
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Online Conversation Classes
Experienced Teachers (certified ESL)
Expert Mentors
Peer-to-Peer Conversation
Private Conversation Classes
Placement Tests
Personalized Feedback
University Certification
Self-Paced Lessons
8. Online Mentoring
Expert mentors novice
from remote location
Carnegie Mellon Univ.
The future of e-learning is
learner-centric
(Adler & Rae, Jan., 2002, e-learning mag)
“At the beginning of the learning module, you can
decide whether you wish to have your learning
tracked and reported to you or to your personnel
file in the company's HR system. Summary
information about the course you complete would
be stored in your personalized learning
environment for immediate retrieval whenever you
need it for refresher learning…The digital mentor
adapts and "learns" how you are learning and asks
questions that branch you to additional learning if
you choose it.”
9. Online Simulations (SimuLearn)
SimuLearn’s Virtual Leader
Components
1. Power: explores the effects of informal (i.e.,
expertise and recognized alliances) and formal
(e.g., title) power
2. Ideas: explores effective strategies for
generating ideas
3. Tension: looking at how tension affects
performance
• Once the 3 ingredients are aligned and
balanced, the leaders commit to a course of
action. (fosters creativity, role play, DM’ing)
Indeliq
Ninth House: Management Scenarios
10. Peer-to-Peer Collaboration
(Group-enabled Project Management)
Possibilities:
1. Data Sharing
(www.napster.com)
2. Resource Sharing
(www.intel.com/cure/overv
iew.htm)
3. Workgroup Collaboration
(www.groove.net)
Grove creates a shared space to explain
problems, receive assignments, post course
updates, hold group meetings, write and edit
papers, and teach students research methods.
11. Reusable Knowledge
Objects
Figure 28. Organizational Interest in Knowledge
Objects
Strongly
Agree
25%
Strongly
Disagree
3%
Disagree
11%
Unsure
17%
Agree
44%
“Appealing to the attention-deficit
society…online learning will only be
taken up by employees as part of
continuous professional development
if it is engaging, highly relevant and
available in small doses.…A fiveminute “learning object” can be
digested in between phone calls or
meetings.”
Sarah Murray, Dec 2001, Financial Times.com;
interview with Terry Nulty, President, Element K
Displaying Learning Objects
Stephen Downes, New Tolles, New Media
“Consider the impact of a resource like
Martindale’s Health Science Guide, a
resource center listing 60,000 teaching
files and 129,000 medical cases. Such a
resource if made available to medical
schools around the world, would greatly
facilitate the creation of courses in
medicine….” (as well as sustainable
revenue for the center)
What is a Learning Object?
• “Learning Objects are small or large
resources that can be used to provide a
learning experience. These assets can be
lessons, video clips, images, or even
people. The Learning Objects can
represent tiny "chunks" of knowledge, or
they can be whole courses.”
Claude Ostyn, Click2Learn
ADL Functional Requirements
(Bob Wisher, 2001)
Accessible: access instructional components from one
location and deliver them to many other locations
Interoperable: use instructional components developed in
one location with a different platform in another
location
Reusable: incorporate instructional components into
multiple applications
Durable: operate instructional components when base
technology changes, without redesign or recoding
Affordable: increase learning effectiveness significantly
while reducing time and costs
Sharable Content Object
Reference Model
A software model that defines the interrelationship
of course components, data models, and protocols
such that content “objects” are sharable across
systems that conform with the same model.
(Bob Wisher, 2001)
12. Virtual Worlds/Virtual Reality
Avatars--representations
of people
Objects--representations of objects
Maps--the landscape which can be explored
Bots--artificial intelligence
Possibilities for Corporate
Training
• Virtual seminars and presentations,
with distant colleagues interacting
within a virtual conference hall
• Demonstration of new building
designs that people can explore,
discuss and modify
• Demonstrations of processes or
models that are difficult to
understand with static
graphs/charts
Virtual Worlds
Advantages
Disadvantages
• Reliable and scalable
technology exists
• Save travel time, expense
b4 implement
• Ability to simulate objects
• Thousands of worlds and
users
• Built in links to Web sites
• Time/expense of start-up,
development,
customization
• Unfamiliar, awkwardness
of non-3D interfaces
• Requires a change in
thinking we may not be
ready for
13. Wearable Computing
Keyglove
Build it yourself
Contacts on fingers allow
to type by touching
fingers
“chorded” keyboard
Mouse on back
Next version wireless to
control up to 6 devices
IBM VisionPad
IBM Wearable ThinkPad
Created as a small laptop
Applications will determine
how close it meets our model
14. Wireless Technology
Wireless Training
“The best kind of Performance
Support keeps employees knowledge
“fresh” and always within reach.
Wireless technology makes that
possible in ways that have never
been possible before, and an area
which presents completely new
training and performance support
options for companies.”
What else is coming soon?
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Int’l colleagues, Intraplanetary mentoring
Online Consortia and Partnerships
Language Translation Tools, Voice Recognition
You design guest lectures and mix personalities
Virtual Degrees (include educational genealogies)
Global Instructor Ratings
Web Site Generators
Debates with the Greats
Recent Advancements
(Dean Takahashi, Red Herring, April 2002,
Martin Renkis, e-learning conference, April 2001)
• Organic materials that can store a million times
more data than silicon
• “adaptive brainware interface tech” allows
people to control devices with thoughts
• AI computer passes Turing test
• Chip makers are producing circuits 1/500 of
human hair.
• Transistors running at 1,500 GHz, or 750 times
faster than today’s fastest microprocessors.
Good Luck!!!