Transcript Rise of Islam - Fort Bend ISD

Sub Saharan
Africa
 Anthropologists
believe humanity first arose
in East Africa
 Early culture mostly influenced by Egyptian
civilization and the Mediterranean world

Romans built roads, dams, aqueducts and cities
across N. Africa; spread Christianity
 Camels
brought in around 200 A.D. allowing
future trade across Africa possible
 600-700
AD-Ethiopia threatened by Muslims, isolated
from Christian Europe
 600-1000 AD Bantu migrations across Sub-Saharan
Africa
 1000 AD-Islam established south of Sahara
 1250’s C.E.- Zimbabwes built (stone houses)
 1260 C.E.- Ife Ife (Yoruba) create terra cotta and
bronze statues
 1324-25 C.E.- Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca
 1400- Swahili cities set up along Indian Ocean coast
 750
AD-Kingdom of Ghana developed
between Senegal and Niger Rivers
 1000 AD-Islam established south of Sahara
 1200’s AD- Mali Empire rises
 1400’s A.D.-Songhai Empire rises
 Slow
advance of Islam across West Africa
 Independence of Ethiopia (NEVER conquered)
 Sea trade along East Coast with Islamic
Empires and India)
 Trans-Saharan trade (including slaves)-Gold
in the west, west lacked salt (Gold/Salt
trade)

Importance of salt-vital to human survival to
prevent dehydration and preserve food
Music (communication)
Bronze sculpture
from Benin
Great Zimbabwe
Djenne, Mali (mosque)
 Most
languages derive from Bantu
 Few records until after Muslims brought
writing to Africa.

Islam INFLUENCED but didn’t REPLACE ancient
customs
 Griots

storytellers
High social rank
Whole inter-generational groups helped tell
stories to pass on history
 Cattle
= wealth
 Lack of written history means that it is
harder to study than other civilizations
 Slave trade relocated millions of Africans
worldwide, also distributed culture
 African traditions affect how American
culture is transmitted
 Islamic influence still evident across Africa
 Gained
control over major trade routes
allowing them to tax all gold and salt flowing
through
 Invaded by Muslims in 1076 and never
recovered and dissolved into smaller states
 Conquered
the old capital of Ghana
 Brought gold and salt mines under their
direct control
 Converted to Islam
 Ruler Mansa Musa expanded the empire and
built a mosque and palace in Timbuktu
 Sultan
Sunni Ali captured Timbuktu
 Grew rich from trade and expanded the
trade network
 Timbuktu continued to be a center of Muslim
scholarship
 Invaded by Moroccans (used guns)
 Successors
of the Bantus
 Built stone walls
 Center for manufacturing