Transcript Chapter 15 - Falconer Central School

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Linage: Common ancestors
Stateless Societies: cultures based on ancestral
linage instead of government
Ghana: The first west African kingdom based on
Gold/Salt trade
Mali: West African kingdom based on
Gold/Universities/Mansa Musa
Sundiata:1st Great leader of Mali. Cruel and
unpopular.
Mansa Musa: Islamic Mali King. Hajj. Built
Mosques/University at Timbuktu
 Ibn Battuta: African Marco Polo. 27 years of travel in
the Muslim World
 Songhai: West African kingdom that took over Mali.
Muslim rulers. Lacked modern weapons.
 Benin: African Culture on the Niger River. Bronze/Brass
artifacts
 Swahili: Arabic Language diffused with Bantu
language
 Great Zimbabwe: South East African Trade city.
Gold/Trade hub.
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Chapter 15:1
Hunter-Gathering Societies
 Matrilineal vs. Patrilineal
 Most societies are patrilineal or traced ancestry through
father
 Hunter-Gatherer = nomadic
 Most northern and central African societies were
nomadic due to harsh climate (too dry or rainforest)
Islamic influence
 Rise of Islam in Africa
 Mostly along northern and
eastern coasts; introduced
to Africa through trade and
conquest
 Brought Islamic law and
traditions to Africa as well as
written language (Arabic)
STATELESS SOCIETIES
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S.S. are based on
families/clans
They serve as the
government
Patrilineal: Father
Matrilineal: Mother
Age Set System
 Right of passage based on age!!
MUSLIM STATES
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Maghri(e)b: Northern
Africa/Mediterranean
Islamic Law runs
life/government
1.
What sorts of food did the Efe hunt and
gather in the Iturbi Forest?
2.
What different purposes does the age-set
system serve in African societies?
3.
What role did Islam play in the political
history of Northern Africa?
15:2
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
 Gold/Salt Trade
 Trade for Gold and Salt along Niger River and
trans-Saharan trade routes made all three
kingdoms flourish
 Trade was single most important factor for
success of all three kingdoms
 Islam
brought to Africa along the
trans-Saharan trade routes
 Islam
was practiced by all major
west African rulers
 Blended
Islam with native African
Religions
Mansa Musa
 Led kingdom of Mali during
Golden Age
 Went on famous pilgrimage
to Mecca 1324
 Control of Gold and Salt
Trade (100,000 men)
 Built the city of Timbuktu –
the most famous trade city
of Mali/University
“Muslim Marco Polo”
Traveled the length of
the Muslim World
during 1500s, wrote
accounts of each
Muslim country he
visited
 Most important
primary source for
historians on Muslim
countries during the
late Middle Ages
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Located south of
Ghana, Mali, and
Songhai on West
African coast
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Isolated due to
location away from
major river
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Known for distinctive
African artwork free
from foreign
influence
1.
How did Ghana’s gold-salt trade work?
1.
How did Sunni Ali build an Empire?
1.
What form of government was typical of
Hausa city-states?
Chapter 15:3
Indian Ocean Trade Network
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Stretched from Indonesia and China in the east to
Africa in the west
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Kilwa, Mogadishu, and Mombassa most important
trade cities in east Africa
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Traded ivory, gold, and slaves
Islamic Influences
 Most city-states ruled by Muslims and followed
Islamic Law
 Arabic language combined with Bantu to form
Swahili
Great Zimbabwe
 From 1200-1400, this city
controlled inland Africa
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Many ruins are left from
this site, including huge
city structures and walls
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Considered to be African
culture most free from
outside influence
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Portuguese
 Arrived along African coast in
the late 1400’s
 Built trade forts along African
coast and captured many
trade cities
 Brought European influence
to Africa including
Christianity
 Began European slave trade
by exploiting existing slave
trade
1.
How did the Swahili Language develop?
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How was Islam introduced to East Africa?
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How did the people of Great Zimbabwe
positively interact with their environment?