Transcript Muslim Civilization

Muslim Civilization
Ch.10
The Rise of Islam
• Explain how Muhammad became God’s messenger?
• What is Yahtrib?
• What is hijra?
• Yahtrib was renamed ____________
• Community of Muslims = ___________
• Identify what occurred in Mecca 630 ?
Teachings of Islam
• Sacred text – quran
• Muslims believe God sent other prophets including
_____________________________________________
• Quran emulates honesty, _____________________
• Mosque?
• Explain the five pillars of Islam ( duties).
• What is a hajj?
• Jihad?
• Muslims, Christians, and Jews __________ the SAME God.
• _______ is God’s final and complete revelation.
Islam a Way of Life
• Both a religion and a way of life
• Sharia?
• How did islam affect Muslim women?
Building a Muslim Empire
• Abu Bakr (caliph) takes over – “ If you worship Muhammad,
Muhammad is dead. If you worship God, God is alive.”
• How did Mulsims overcome early challenges to Islam?
Divisions emerge within Islam
Sunnis
Shiites
Any good Muslim
can lead
Compromise
True successors Ali
and Fatima
(Imams)
Inspiration
example of
Muhammad
Interpret the
Quran actions of
the Muhammad
• Both believed a pious male Muslim from Muhammad’s tribe should lead (caliph)
• Both believe in the Quran, Allah, and five pillars of Islam
• Differ in religious practice, law, and daily life
• Sufis - ?
Umayyad Caliphs Build and
Empire
• Umayyad – caliphate dynasty of Sunni Caliphs the ruled
Muslim Empire until 750
• Expanding the Muslim Empire
• List the reasons for Muslim Success.
• Explain the treatment of the conquered people in Muslim
land.
• List the events that led to decline of the Umayyad Caliphate
Spread of Islam
Muslim Empire Declines
• What caused the Abbasid dynasty to decline?
Muslim Civilization’s Golden
Age
• Social and Economic Advances
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International trade network
Highly favored goods
Agriculture thrives
Slavery and social structure
• Social mobility –
What business practices were pioneered by merchants in Muslim
lands?
Muslim Art, Literature, and
Architecture
• Poetry and tales of adventure
• Calligraphy
Muslims seek knowledge
• Centers of learning
• Philosophy and history
• Ibn Rushd
• Ibn Khaldun
• Mathematics
• Al – Khwarizmi – Algebra
• Medicine
• Muhammad al –Razi
• Ibn Sina
India’s Muslim Empires
• What changes did Muslim rule bring Indian government and
society?
Muslims and Hindus Clash
• Describe the relationship between Muslims and Hindus.
• Describe how Muslim and Hindu cultures blended.
Mughal India
• Babur – descent of Genghis Khan and Tamerlane. Military genius,
poet, and author. Set up Mughal dynasty
• Akbar
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Won support through ___________
Opened up jobs to ____________
Ended ____________
Married a Hindu princess
Paid officials
Modernized army,
Encouraged international trade
Standardized weights and measurses
Land reforms
• Nur Jahan –
• Shah Jahan – Taj Mahal
The Ottoman and Safavid
Empires
• Who are the Ottomans?
• Explain how the Byzantine empire fell to the Ottomans.
• What technology and techniques enabled suleyman to extend
ottoman rule?
Ottoman Culture
• Explain how the class breakdown of the Ottoman empire.
• Janizaries –
• List the factors that led to the decline of the Ottomans.
Safavid Empire
• Safavid- Shiite Muslims who enforced their belief
• Explain how Shah Abbas revived the glory of ancient Persia?
• List the factor(s) that led to the decline of the empire.