Transcript File

Unit 1 Review
(1) What geographic feature
determined the location of the four
ancient civilizations we studied?
River valleys
(2) Other than agriculture why is the
Ganges River important to Hindus?
Sacred to the Hindu religion
(3) What aided the movement of early
hominids from Africa to colder
climates in Europe & Asia?
Fire (could move into colder climates)
(4) Why were Paleolithic people
nomads?
Followed animal migrations and
vegetative cycles
(5) What was the most important
influence in the development of
ancient Egypt?
Nile River
(6) Why did early civilizations emerge
near rivers after the Neolithic
Revolution?
To irrigate (water) crops
(7) What two bodies of water
influenced the creation of civilization
in Mesopotamia?
Tigris & Euphrates rivers
(8) The leader of a theocracy is a
____, and the leader of a monarchy is
a ____.
Religious leader; king/queen
(9) From where did kings get their
power?
Claimed to be chosen as God’s
representative (divine)
(10) What did ancient Chinese have to
do to get a government job? What was
this based on?
Take a civil service exam; based on
merit
(11) What is the Mandate of Heaven?
Zhou Dynasty claimed it had the right
to rule because of it
(12) What is an aristocracy?
Social class (wealth and power) based
on land ownership
(13) What unified all the various
peoples and laws within the
Babylonian Empire?
Hammurabi’s Code
(14) How were Hammurabi’s Code and
Legalism similar?
Harsh punishments to control society
(15) In Hammurabi’s Code, the severity
(or harshness) of punishments was
based on the crime committed and
one’s _____.
Social class
(16) What led to the establishment of
villages and rise of governments?
Neolithic Revolution
(17) What are two characteristics of
the Neolithic Revolution?
Growing crops and raising animals
(DOMESTICATION of plants and
animals)
(18) Why did nomads settle down
during the Neolithic Revolution?
They could get food on a regular basis
through farming.
(19) What ancient form of writing is
the basis for the English alphabet?
Phoenician alphabet
(20) What is the oldest written
language?
Cuneiform (from Mesopotamia)
(21) What is ancient India’s form of
writing?
Sanskrit
(22) What are 3 characteristics of
Buddhism?
-Nirvana (end of self & reunion w/ World soul)
-Four Noble Truths (lots of suffering  suffering
caused by materialism  overcome
materialistic desires  Eightfold Path to
overcome desires)
-Eightfold Path (right attitude, speech, actions,
etc. – live in moderation!)
(23) What belief do Hindus & Buddhist
have in common?
Belief in reincarnation (rebirth)
(24) What was the world’s first
monotheistic religion?
Judaism (in Mesopotamia)
(25) Why did Egyptians mummify
pharaohs & bury them in pyramids?
Belief in afterlife
(26) According to the Buddha, what
causes suffering?
Materialism (attachment to things)
(27) To what did Siddhartha change
his name, and what does it mean?
The Buddha, or “Enlightened One”
(28) What are the characteristics of
Legalism?
People are evil; they need STRICT
LAWS and HARSH PUNISHMENTS
(29) What are the characteristics of
Confucianism?
-Filial piety (loyalty and sense of duty
to family, leader, etc.)
-Merit (jobs based on ability not
connections)
(30) What are the characteristics of
Daoism?
-Balance (yin & yang, male & female;
cold & hot, day & night, etc.)
-Harmony w/ nature (people should
follow laws of nature over the laws of
society)
(31) Which Indian religion is
associated with support for the caste
system?
Hinduism (good dharma  good karma
 higher varna)
(32) What social class system is
divided into four Varnas?
Caste system (Ancint India)
(33) What are systems that rank
people based on wealth and power?
Social hierarchies
(34) How did the caste system limit
ancient Indians?
Limited economic and social progress
(people couldn’t move into a higher
varna)
(35 & 37) What ancient routes were
used to trade goods from
Mesopotamia/Middle East to
China/Asia?
Silk Road (many routes with a web of
cities; dangerous to travel b/c ppl
could get lost or attacked)
(36) Who traded goods and spread
ideas throughout the Mediterranean?
Phoenicians (in Mesopotamia)
(38) After India, to where did
Buddhism spread?
China & Southeast Asia
(39) List the river valley civilizations
from west to east?
Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, China
(40) All civilizations have the
following 9 characteristics?
(1) Rise of cities
(2) Organized govt.
(3) Technology
(4) Writing
(5) Social structure (6) Trade
(7) Art
(8) Religion
(9) Specialization of labor