Transcript Ch.10InnerandEastChina

Delia Calut/Paxton School for Advanced Studies/[email protected]
Han dynasty
 206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.
 What happened after its collapse?
 What dynasty reunify China?
Sui & Tang Empires
1. Sui, 581-618
 Lasted 34 years
 Why was it significant?
 Could you compare it with other Chinese dynasty?
 What did it built?
Grand Canal
Tang dynasty
2.Tang, 618-907
Political life
 Origins : Turkic elites
 Territory: expanded towards W ( Central Asia)
 Centralized power
 Who did it stop Tang’s advancement towards W?
 Where?
 How did Tang’s advancement in Central Asia influence
the Chinese religion?
Political life
 751, The Battle of Talas River ( Muslim Arabs)
 Get connected to India & Central Asia
Political life
 How was the bureaucracy selected?
Political life
 A)Who introduced first the civil service exams?
 B)Why these exams made a difference in China?
Political life
 A)Han dynasty
 B) High educated bureaucrats

the lower class could get good jobs
Religion ( early Tang)
 Buddhism
 Why was Buddhism so successful at the beginning of
Tang dynasty?
Early Tang-Buddhism
 1.emperor –spiritual function of welding humans into
a harmonious Buddhist society
 Why was this important?
 A)What did the Buddhist monasteries offer to the
Tang princes?
 B)What did the Buddhist monasteries receive in
exchange for their services?
Religious life
a)Financial support, advice, prayers.
b) gifts, land, exemptions from taxes
Economy
 What was the economy based on?
Economy
 Trade
 1.What were the main items imported?
 2.What were the main items exported?
 3.What was the most important trading center?
Economy
 1.tea, sugar, spices,
cotton, textiles,
 Stringed instruments
 Wine,painting
 2.silk, porcelain
 3.Chang’an
Tea
Economy
 Explain Chang’an significance.
Economy
 Chang’an –the capital
 Trading center, center of tributary system
 Who paid tribute? What was tribute?
 Religious network
 Commercial network
 Cosmopolitan city
 Hub of Tang communication
Technology
 What kind of maritime technology did the Chinese
mariners use?
Chinese vessel
 vessel
 compass
Daily life
 What disease affected the Tang Empire?
 How was the disease spread?
 Do you know any other empire affected by the same
disease?
Military rivals
 A)Who were Tang’s most important rivals?
 B)What did they compete for ?
Military
 A)Tibet, Uighurs
 B) religious & political power, control of local routes
 What policies contributed to the early success of Tang?
Religion
 Why was Buddhism replace by Confucianism towards
the end of Tang?
Religion
 1. Undermine the Confucian idea of family
 2 encouraged women participation in politics
( Wu Zhao)
 associated with social ills (foreign origin)
 Monasteries: own a lot of land

didn’t pay taxes
 Monks :didn’t serve in the army
Religion
 How did the government solve the problem?
 When?
Decline
 What factors did contribute to the decline of Tang?
Decline
 1. internal rebellions: 755, 879-881
 2. nomadic tribes ( N border)
 3.tax-system problems, powerful military leaders
 Ruled China until 907
 After Tang, China split in 3 empires:
 Liao, Tanggut, Song
Song 960-1279
Tang
Song
Political & military
 Lost the N part to nomadic tribes
 ½ of Tang territory
 Capital :Hangzhou
 4 times Tang’s army
Technology
 Why was considered that Song dynasty had an
industrial revolution?
Technology
 Innovations:
 Calendar, compass design
 Greek astrolabe, junk
 Celestial clock
 Gunpowder
 Mining, iron production
Religion
 What was Song’s religion?
 Who was the ideal human?
Religion
 Neo-Confucianism : blend of Conf. & Buddhism

Confucian texts
 The sage
new interpretations of the
Technology
 What were the
consequences of using
the movable type?
Economy
 What innovations were in economy?
 Commercial economy
 Industrial development
 Inter-regional credit
Money during Song dynasty
Society-the status of women
 Social restriction
 Subordination
 Low education, cannot remarry
 Foot binding
 What was the significance of foot binding?
Foot binding
Foot binding
Japan
 What did the Japanese
borrow from the
Chinese?
 A legal code
 Confucianism
 Buddhism
 architecture
Political life
 The head of the state: the emperor
 No Mandate of Heaven
 794 , Heian became capital
Heian 794-1185
 Political life: emperor lost power

symbolic figurehead
 Real Power: 858, Fujiwara family
 Economy: Golden Age
 Religion: Shintoism, Buddhism( Zen),
 Culture: poetry( men)

epics( women)
 Which one was superior?
 Give an example of an epic.
 “The Tale of Genji” by Murasaki Shikibu
Heian period
Decline
 1156-1185 Taira-
Minamoto war

Minamoto won
Founder
Kamakura shogunate
 Minamoto established a new form of government: the
shogunate
 Capital: Kamakura
 Decentralized form of government
 Shogunate: feudal system in which the shogun shared
the power with landowning warlords (daimyo).
 Shogun
 Daimyo
 Samurai-great honor-code of chivalry: Bushido
Japanese Feudalism
Korea
 Under whose influence was Korea?
 How was Korea organized?
Korea
 Chinese influence: political, religious, cultural.
 Divided in 2 kingdoms: Silla & Koryo
Compare Silla & Koryo
 Silla-Tang ally (collapsed when Tang collapsed)
 Koryo-Song ally, unified the korean Peninsula.
 Religion: Buddhism
 Technology: block printing
Vietnam
 How was organized?
 What was the economy based on?
 Religion?
Vietnam
 2 states: Annam/Dai Viet ( N)

Champa( S)
 Political & economic life centered around 2 rivers
 N –Red River
 S-Mekong
 Economy: rice-based economy (wet-rice cultivation)
 Religion: Buddhism & Confucianism
 Women: dispose of property, negotiating roles
Rice paddies
Cultivation
Harvest