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Empires of East Asia China Mongol Empire Japan Chinese Religions/Philosophies • Confucianism • Taoism • Buddhism Yin/Yang • • • • • Humans are good Respect for elders and ancestors Emphasis on education Code of politeness Which philosophy is described above? A. Confucianism B. Taoism C. Legalism •Harmony with Nature •Simple life, humility and inner peace Which religion is described above? A. Buddhism B. Shintoism C. Taoism Which religion spread from India to China? A. Hinduism B. Christianity C. Buddhism • paper • printing/paper money/ books • silk • civil-service system • porcelain • waterwheels • compass Paper • Paper making technology spread from China to the Muslim world and from there to Byzantium and Western Europe Woodblock Printing • 700s Moveable Clay Type •1040 to 1048 For many centuries the Chinese had a monopoly on A. wool B. silk C. cotton Water Wheels • Used the movement of running water to provide power to grind grain. • Technology spread to Europe during the Middle Ages. Magnetic Compass • Before its invention, navigators had to depend on the positions of the sun, the moon and the north star for their bearings Song Dynasty The system of exams invented in China for government jobs is called A. civil service B. mandate of heaven C. Ancestor worship Mandate of Heaven • Divine (approval of the gods) right to rule Song Dynasty Mongol Armies • Destroyed cities and countryside Mongol Empire •Conquered China, Russia, and Muslim states in Southwest Asia •Created the largest empire ever China’s Influence on Japan • Mahayana Buddhism • Writing • Architecture Japanese Buddhist Temple Mongols and Warlords Geography of Japan • Located on an archipelago (chain of islands) • Four main islands Japan’s Location • Located close to Korea and China • Separated from Asian mainland by the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea. Japan’s Terrain • Mountainous terrain Mount Fuji Japanese Religions • Shinto • Buddhism Shinto Kami Buddha Shinto • Ethnic religion unique to Japan • Venerates natural features, forces of nature and ancestors. Emperor Worship • Shinto became the state religion worshipping the emperor Emperor Hirohito Shinto Shrine Buddhism • Buddhism spread from India to China • Chinese forms of Buddhism spread to Korea and then Japan Zen Buddhism • Stressed meditation and the precise performance of everyday tasks. Japanese Architecture • Pagoda style architecture from China: sloping roofs Japanese Writing • Based on Chinese characters Japanese Art • Reflects the values Japanese society Ancient Warriors Genghis Khan Mongol Horseman