Transcript 1450-1750
1450-1750 Ming & Qing Yi/Choson Tokugawa Status of the Dynasties Ming 1368-1644 – Voyages of Discovery http://www.time.com/time/asia/features/jo urney2001/intro.html 1405-1433 Emperor Zhu Di Admiral Zheng He, Muslim navigator Traded silks, porcelain, lacquerware Obtained gold, silver, pearls, rhino horn, herbs, spices Ming revitalized: Great Wall Grand Canal Examination system Ming Emperor Zhu Di built Forbidden City in 1421 http://www.chinavista.com/beijing/gugo ng/!start.html Ming emphasized: Commerce thrives developing national market Tribute system limits foreign traders to Chinese markets Neo-Confucianism replaces Buddhist practice of former emperors Qing Dynasty 16441911 Morality of Neo Confucianism Civil Service Examinations Family system represents organization of political system Korean Yi (Choson) Dynasty 1392-1910 1392 Yi deposed Koryo & Buddhism Favored Confuciansim as state religion King Sejong Devised Hangul-syllabary 1446 Improved literacy Examination system dominated by Yangban class Yi Manchus invaded in 1627 & 1636 Peace from 1644-1850: policy of seclusion Hermit Kingdom after 1644 No entrenched military class Tokugawa Warfare & Political fragmentation in 1500s Peace & order 1600-1868 – Thanks to 2 daimyo Nobunaga Hideyoshi Tokugawa characterized by: Rise of merchant class Growth of urban culture Literature & drama Social hierarchy (edicts) http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ What outside contact occurred? In China: – Portuguese 1514 – Spanish 1565 What outside contact occurred? In Korea: – Japan 1592 & 1597 – Manchus 1627 & 1636 What outside contact occurred? In Japan – Portuguese 1543 – Spanish – Dutch 1609 – British 1613 What did the foreigners want? In China: – Portuguese wanted carrying trade, territory, and converts – Spanish wanted territory, trade, and converts What did the foreigners want? In Korea: – Japan wanted to conquer China from Korea – Manchus wanted to make Korea a tributary What did the foreigners want? In Japan: – Dutch & British wanted spices East India Company est in 1600 Cultural phenomenon/ Organizing Principles China – Neo Confucianism – Art reflecting philosophy Korea – Neo Confucianism & scholarship – Isolation – Art & architecture Japan – Daimyo