Transcript ESA Science Program: Status of ILWS Related Activities

ESA Science Programme
Status of ILWS Related Activities
Hermann J. Opgenoorth
ESA – ESTEC
Solar System Missions Division (SCI-SM)
Research and Scientific Support Department (RSSD)
Reorganisation within RSSD
From
Division for Solar and Solar Terrestrial Missions
and
Division for Planetary Missions
to:
Solar System Missions Division
(Gerhard Schwehm)
and
- Hermann Opgenoorth
- Gerhard Schwehm
Solar System Science Operation Division
Nov. 2005 - May 2006
(Hermann Opgenoorth)
(as of June 2006)
Gerhard Schwehm
Hermann Opgenoorth
Science and Future Planning
i.e. ILWS amongst others… (:-)
Operation of Missions in Orbit
Existing Missions Ulysses

Joint ESA-NASA Mission since 1990

Earlier anticipated end of Mission: 30. Sept. 2004

Recent ESA-SPC decision to extend the scientific operations by 3.5 years
to March 2008 - allowing third polar pass

Now also successfully passed the NASA Senior Review - full support of
extension to March 2008
Key Scientific Goals in the Context of
Extension:
- Energetic particle and dust dynamics: effect of
reversed field polarity on latitude dependence
- Reconfirm the north-south heliospheric
asymmetry
- 3-D structure of CMEs and heliospheric
current sheet observed in conjunction with
ecliptic S/C like STEREO
Existing Missions SOHO
• ESA / NASA Collaboration since 1995
• Currently in 4 year mission extension 2003-2007
• New extension 2007-2009 decided in May 2006 SPC
• s.c. SOHO ”Bonus” or ”Bogart” Mission discussed:
maintain a minimum suite of instruments beyond 2009
to provide Coronagraph (and possibly TSI) for ILWS
Existing Missions - Cluster
• First 3-D satellite mission ever
• ESA - NASA Collaboration since 2000
• Earlier ESA-SPC decision to change to 100 % orbital data
coverage and 3 year mission extension: 2003 - 2005
• Additional SPC decision to add Cluster Active Archive,
which was opened in February 2006, containing 2 years data
• Second mission extension for 2+2 years until December 2009
decided in February 2005 SPC meeting
• Cluster is presently at largest separation 10000 km in
magnetotail
Existing Missions - Double Star
•
China / ESA collaboration since 2003 (TC1) and 2004 (TC2)
• Two satellites with European Cluster and new Chinese Instruments
• Magnetospheric equatorial (TC1, 570 x 78900 km) and
polar orbits (TC2, 700 x 39000 km), matched to Cluster.
• No problems in science operation, in spite of failed attitude control
• Excellent science results - in particular in coordination with Cluster
• 1.5 yrs mission extension to December 2006 for TC1 and 1 year to
July 2006 for TC2 decided by May 2005 SPC meeting
• Presently investigation ongoing to extend also TC2 to December 2006
Cluster Extension
Cluster new regions: subsolar point and auroral acceleration
Magnetopause:
Subsolar point
2001
Solar wind
2009
Cluster Extension
Double Star – Cluster:
Evolution of Reconnection
DSP
Cluster
Strong flow of plasma observed first at
Double Star and 5 min later at Cluster
From Pitout et al., 2005
Cluster Extension
Cluster at new region: Near-Earth Current Disruption
2001
Near-Earth tail:
Current Disruption
Solar wind
2009
• Crossing of tail at 8-10
Earth radii
• Current Disruption: key
process for substorms
Double Star
Extension summer 2005: Tail
XY
09 Sept. 2005, 16:00 UT
5 Re
XZ
• Cluster: 14-16 Re
sep.1000-10000 km
• DSP TC-1: 9 Re
apog. above equator
• DSP TC-2: 7 Re
apogee in tail
<== Observe NENL and/or Bursty Bulk Flow at Cluster and then
monitor Current Disruption and BBF breaking at DSP
==>
Observe Current Disruption
at DSP and then
21 Oct 1999
SOHO SWT-29
[email protected]
outgoing “rarefaction-wave” at Cluster.
Double Star
Extension summer 2006: Tail
11 Sept 2006 00:00
TC-1
XZ plane
• Cluster: 14-16 Re
sep 1000-10000km
• DSP TC-1: 9 Re
gradual sep. in Y
• DSP TC-2: apogee
in southern
hemisphere
XY plane
21 Oct 1999
SOHO SWT-29
=>
Observe the azimuthal extent
and [email protected]
of current disruption
Future Missions - SWARM






ESA - EOP Living Planet 3-satellite mission to study core dynamics and
geodynamo processes, crustal magnetisation, and ocean circulation from
low Earth orbit.
Ionosphere-magnetosphere current systems and magnetic forcing of
the upper atmosphere need to be derived and taken care of
- “one man’s noise is another man’s data”
Selected by Earth Observation Program Board for Launch in 2009
Electric Field Instrument (Ion Drift Meter) provided by CSA in
collaboration with ESA Science Programme
For optimisation of GEOSPACE science capabilities an additional
electron instrument “Conducto-meter” was discussed - but not achieved
Science operation and data products will be organised and shared
between D/EOP and D/SCI (tbd)
KuaFu - in detailed study phase by
CNSA, CMA, PKU
Solar Storm, Aurora and Space Weather Exploration
Clear ESA and European memberstate
interest to participate in this mission
( more on this tomorrow )
Launch Date: 2012
ESA Support to Solar-B
• ESA, in sub-contractual collaboration with the Norwegian Space Centre,
will provide one additional downlink contact to Solar-B for each of the 15
orbits per day
• This will considerably improve the overall scientific data return and the
cadence of observations from the Solar-B mission
• The European scientific community will be catered with processed data
through a dedicated Solar B data centre
at the University of Oslo
QuickTime™ and a
• MoU with JAXA basically agreed
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
and soon to be signed. AO for two
European members on the Solar-B
SWT to be issued after summer.
Svalbard Ground Station for Solar-B
•
Reasons: Antenna redundancy,
possibility to track all 15 orbits
every day and Norwegian
interest in the mission.
PROBA - 2
ESA Technology Demonstrator
Project for On-Board Autonomy within ESA D/TEC
Successor of PROBA1 (launched in 2001, dedicated to Earth observation)
ESA mission with Belgium as lead funder (through GSTP)
Prime contractor: Verhaert Design & Devl. (Belgium)
2 calls for ideas for technology experiments and scientific payload resulted by mid-2002
in a selection of
• 15 technology elements
• 5 scientific instruments
Schedule: development 2003-2006 and launch September 2007
into an LEO 06-18 Sun-synchronous orbit
Following proposal to the ESA NLM programme
the Proba-2 science operation has been «adopted«
for a 2 year mission duration by the May 2006
SPC meeting - at a cost of 2.8 Meuro for ESA.
The PROBA2 Solar Payload
2 main Belgian-led instruments were selected by ESA:
SWAP: Sun Watcher using APS and image Processing
(co-PI’s: J.M. Defise-CSL & D. Berghmans-ROB)
LYRA: Lyman Alpha Radiometer
(PI: J.F. Hochedez-ROB)
3 other instruments (CZ and DK) are also part of the payload:
DSLP: Dual Segmented Langmuir Probe
TPMU: Thermal Plasma Measurement Unit for Microsatellites
SGVM: Science Grade Vectorized Magnetometer
2.36 R
FOV: 45 arcmin
FOV: 54 arcmin
1.67 R
• 17.1nm, 19.5nm, 28.4nm, 30.4 nm
• Fixed sun-centering
• at L1
• 12 min cadence
• 17.5nm
• Flexible off-pointing
• Protected by magnetosphere
• 1 min cadence
LYRA (E)UV channels
200-220 nm (Herzberg continuum)
115-125nm (Lyman alpha)
17-30 nm (EUV, including HeII)
1-20 nm (soft X-rays)
Woods et al 2005
Future Missions - Solar Orbiter
• Selected as ESA Flexi-mission and confirmed as part of ”COSMIC VISION”
• Formal negotiations about a potential NASA contribution ( or collaboration
with Solar Sentinels ) in progress…
- Inner Heliosphere In-Situ observations
and simultaneous Solar Remote Sensing
- Orbit up to 35 deg out of the ecliptic, i.e.
topside view of polar regions and CME’s
- observe the far-side of the Sun from a
co-rotating vantage point at 0.22 AU,
equivalent to 48 Solar radii…
Mission Duration and Solar Cycle
Solar Orbiter Status
Mission profile:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Launch by Soyuz-Fregat 2-1b (aim: March 2015, alt. Oct 2017)
Cruise phase (Chemical Propulsion / SEP / ): / 3.0 / 1.8 yrs
Nominal science mission duration: 3.2 yrs
Extended mission (high-latitude phase): 3.8 yrs
Minimum perihelion distance: 48 solar radii (0.22 AU)
Maximum solar latitude: 35° (in extended phase)
SPACECRAFT – two industrial studies completed (Sci-A)
– 6 month delta-study (chem. prop.) completed
PAYLOAD
– definition completed
Particles and Fields Package
Remote-sensing Package
PLAN : Call for Letters of Intent LoI issued - to sound P/L provision
Presently looking at cost savings and/or international collaboration
to maintain superior launch opportunity in 2015 & ILWS timeliness
ESA’s Cosmic Vision, 2015-2025
Call to be issued this autumn,
subject to comments by SPRT
Themes:
1. What are the conditions for life and planetary formation?
2. How does the Solar System work?
1. From the Sun to the edge of the Solar System
“First, the hierarchy of scales in the magnetosphere (e.g. M3,
Magnetospheric SWARM)”
2. Gaseous Giants and their Moons
3. The Building Blocks of the Solar System: Asteroids and Small Bodies
3. What are the fundamental laws of the Universe?
4. How did the Universe originate and what is it made of?
Giovanni Bignami, chairman SSAC, 10 May 2005
Three scales of plasmas – shocks as an example
Orientation,
motion, curvature,
foreshock
Ion reflection,
reformation,
thermalisation,
downstream waves
Electron reflection,
acceleration, electric
fields
Cross-Scale – key concepts
 Spacecraft on a hierarchy of scales
 Electron group
 Electron instruments
 3 axis electric and magnetic fields
 Ion group
 Fast ion instruments
 Magnetic field instruments
 Fluid group
 Bulk plasma and field instruments
 Energetic particles
 Note
 Need different instrumentation at each scale
 Other agencies could provide one or more scales
26
Cross-Scale - The ESA context
• Cosmic Vision 2015-2025
• Relative to other CV mission concepts, Cross-Scale is:
– Cheap: <€300M, baseline of single Soyuz-Fregat launch
– Quick: early in programme - by 2015?
– Easy: no technological show-stoppers
• Potential for international collaboration with JAXA
– SCOPE: 5-s/c mission for cross-scale plasma dynamics
– Led by Dr. M. Fujimoto, JAXA/ISAS
First inter-agency discussions at two ESA /JAXA Bilaterals,
(More on this tomorrow…)
European ILWS Strategy in an Overview
Major ESA Support
or ESA – led
1
Sun and Solar Wind
Energy Source
2a Ionosphere Thermosphere
Energy deposition
2b Magnetosphere
Energy conversion
3
4
Sun and Climate
End-to-End Observ.
Data Exploitation,
Analysis & Models
Soho & Ulysses ext.
Solar Orbiter
BC–MMO SolarSent.
Modest ESA Support
Strong ESA/SCI
endorsement
Solar – B grnd. stat.
Coronagraph (MoO)
Stereo grnd. stat
L1 mission(s)
Solar - ISS
Proba - 2
Demeter
Ravens
Swarm
To be identified
Cluster / DSP
extension
M 3 development
_
NLM’s
candidates tbi
TSI M of Opp / C-Ph
Picard & Earthshine
Cluster Active Archive SDO DB or EN-SVO
(CAA)
Stereo / Solar–B GrSt
Orbitals
Frisbee
National Multi-Sats
_
Model and Theory
Space Weather / GB
European ILWS Strategy in an Overview
Major ESA Support
or ESA – led
1
Sun and Solar Wind
Energy Source
Soho & Ulysses ext.
Solar Orbiter
<==
BC–MMO SolarSent.
Modest ESA Support
Strong ESA/SCI
endorsement
Solar – B grnd. stat.
Coronagraph (SBM)
Stereo grnd. stat. <=
L1 mission(s)> KuaFu
Solar - ISS (D/HME)
== Proba - 2
2a Ionosphere Thermosphere
Energy deposition
Swarm
2b Magnetosphere
Energy conversion
Cluster / DSP
NLM’s (?)
extension
candidates tbi
Cross-Scale (CV15-25)
Orbitals -> RBSP ?
Frisbee (?)
Natnl. Multi-Sats(?)
3
SOHO Bonus
Mission (TSI)
Picard (CNES)
4
Sun and Climate
End-to-End Observ.
Data Exploitation,
Analysis & Models
Demeter
Ravens -> KuaFu
To be identified
<==
TSI - Mission of Opp.
Earthshine (?)
Cluster Active Archive SDO DB or EN-SVO
(CAA)
Stereo / Solar–B GrSt
Model and Theory
Space Weather / GB
Slide provided by E. Daly (D/TEC)
ESA Technology Directorate (D/TEC)
• Space Weather Applications Pilot Project is completing;
new space engineering oriented collaboration structure being set up;
• Space Weather Working Team to continue (chair: M. Hapgood (RAL, UK));
• (PROBA-2, -3 are managed out of TD);
• Modelling activities planned for engineering application
(SPEs, radiation belts, ionosphere)
– lack of inner heliosphere energetic particle data is apparent!
• Environment monitor developments planned for
deployment in, e.g., GEO, MEO(NAV);
• Muon Telescope prototyping (U. Greifswald);
ESA Navigation Directorate
• Galileo Navigation constellation should have in-situ (radiation,
charging) and remote sensing (ionosphere) capabilities.