Transcript How*s Earth*s Plates Move

Chapter 1 Movement of
Earth’s Crust
Pages D2-D28
Vocabulary
 1. crust
 2. mantle
 3. core
4. lithosphere
 5. asthenosphere
 6. plate tectonics
 7. divergent boundary
 8. convergent boundary
 9. transform fault boundary
 *now finish all 20 vocabulary words
 10. mid-ocean ridge
 11. rift
 12. sea-floor spreading
 13. earthquake
 14. focus
 15. epicenter
 16. p wave
 17. s wave
 18. surface wave
 19. Richter Scale
 20. volcano



a. composite
b. cinder
c. shield
Earth’s Structure D6 9/27
 Earth’s Layers
 1. crust: Earth’s outermost layer
 2. mantle: layer directly beneath
crust
 3. core: innermost layer
D7 notes….
 4. asthenosphere: zone of weak,
easily deformed rock in upper mantle
 5. lithosphere: floats on
asthenosphere and includes crust
and upper part of the mantle
 Draw the “pie” on page D7..label
vocabulary (# 1-5) from the
notes..color nicely! Worth 10 points!
Earth’s Plates D8
 6. plate tectonics: theory scientists
use to explain plate movement
 *tectonics comes from the Greek
word “builder”
 Way cool!!! We are actually floating
on these plates!!
Questions of the week: please
write a complete sentence!!!
You will receive five points for writing a
complete sentence (Capitals at the beginning of
the sentence, and period at the end.)
You will receive five points for a correct
answer; you must use part of the question in the
answer.
5 + 5 = 10
1. Is the core of our earth
thought to be a solid or a
liquid?
2. What is the difference
between a model and an
experiment?
5 minute video you can’t wait to
see!
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDqskltCix
A
Changes to Earth’s surface D10-11
 Erosion, deposition
 Water and wind erosion
 Rivers carry things and deposit
 Winds whoosh stuff around
 Glaciers carve out landscape
 Ka-BOOOOM! Meteors and comets
whamming us!
G.O. front page Lesson 1
 Outermost
 1. crust
 2. upper mantle
 3. lower mantle
 4. outer core
 5. inner core
D11 1-5 dang, sentences only!
 1. I have already drawn and labeled the
layers of our Earth!
 2. The lithosphere is __________ and ___________
and it floats on the asthenosphere. The
asthenosphere is melted and moves the crust
around.
 3. find answer on page 8!
 4. think and look at diagrams, if necessary
 5. Write this in a complete sentence for full
credit!! Don’t just write “A” or “B” or “C” or “D”
 1. You have already done this!
 2. The lithosphere is solid and cool, and the
asthenosphere is like putty and warm.
 3. The plates move on the lithosphere
because underneath it is hot and moving.
The Movement of Earth’s Plates
7. divergent boundary: where plates
move away from one another
 < >
8. Convergent boundary: plates move
toward each other > <
9. Transform fault: plates move past each
other
>>>>
<<<<
 Let's zip to a cool website!
Divergent boundaries D15
Plates moving away from each other < >
10. mid-ocean ridge: where most DB
are found…chain of mountains on
ocean floor
DB..another slide!
11. rift = gap left where plates move
apart…famous one = Great Rift Valley in
Africa
12. sea-floor spreading: when magma
rises up through cracks and creates
new crust on ocean floor (YOU
WERE THE NEW CRUST!)
Convergent Boundary D16 10/3
 >< colliding plates! Wham!
*Example: Mariana Trench (6.8 miles deep)
*Highest mountains = Himalaya Mountains
29,000 ft high
*Andes Mountains = another example
*80% volcanoes and 90% earthquakes occur
at convergent boundaries
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nfziy_860G
U
Arm Wrestling Contest 10/10/13
 Mountain builder(win)
Subducted(Lose)
1. Name of person you are challenging!
a.(right)
b.(left)
2.
a.
b.
3
a.
Mountain or melted?
MOUNTAIN??? / MELTED??
Challenge someone to an
arm-wrestling contest..be
sure to do BOTH arms!! 
Himalayas in Nepal
Transform Fault Boundary D17
October 11
 Plates scrape past one another
*San Andreas Fault
5 centimeters/year
2 inches/year OR
*earthquakes and mountains occur
San Andreas fault
(for two group points)
 #1 At what boundary is crust
produced?
 #2…will crust be destroyed?
 #3 Along which boundary is crust
neither formed or destroyed?
 #4 What happens when two
oceanic plates collide?
National Geographic: Moving
Plates
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCSJNBM
OjJs
 This is a 50 min. video..head’s up!
Earth’s Surface Over Time D18
10/15/13
 Pangea: 225 million years
ago…continents all squished together to
make a super continent!
 Pangea = “All Lands” in Greek
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGcDe
d4xVD4
 Are we still moving? You bet!
Time for a worksheet!
Answer the questions on the worksheet in a
quiet, productive manner.
We will be grading this either today or the next
time I see you.
Thank you for flying Woodland Middle School.
Pangea Puzzles…must haves…
 1. Master copy (“Cheat Sheet”)
 2.
Key with 4 symbols..your interests.
 3. Put symbols all over your cheat sheet in bundles of
3 or more (so we can “cut” through them.)
 4. Draw lines to create 7 puzzle pieces.
 Now trace on unlined paper, and cut out.
 Your name is on all 7 pieces.
 Place in ziplock bag.
 Worth 20 points!!! Due by Friday.
Earthquakes and Volcanoes
D22-29
Plate movements cause earthquakes
• 95% earthquakes on/near faults (a
crack in earth’s crust)
Process of an earthquake
 1. plates move but don’t slide freely
 2. plates get locked up tightly
 3. plates keep moving, so now pressure
building up
 4. plate bends and stretches until breaking
point
 5. rocks snap (BAM!) and shift to new position
 EARTHQUAKE HAPPENS NOW!
Vocabulary!
 13.earthquake = sudden jolt that
releases energy as vibrations
 14. focus = the point in Earth’s crust
where the earthquake first started
 15. epicenter = point on surface directly
above the focus
Richter Scale: gauges earthquakes
 2.5 and below = really nobody felt it
 2.5-5.4 = little bit of damage, stuff
falls
 5.5-6.0 buildings have damage
 6.0-7.0 most buildings/damage
 7.0-7.9 major damage/deaths
 8.0 + total destruction
Earthquake Measurement D24
 19. Richter Scale: way to
measure amount of energy
released during earthquakes
Question and Answer time:
 1. If you were in an earthquake with a Richter
number of 6.5, what is the damage?
 2. Explain the difference between a P-wave
and an S-wave.
 3. What does the Richter scale measure?
Quick look at earthquake map
 Please be patient while Mrs. B. locates
this on her internet
 She IS trying, so give her credit.
 Don’t copy this: this ISN’T notes!
Earthquakes in a week’s time….
How Volcanoes Form D25
 20. volcano: mountain that may
form around opening as
lava/cinders build up
Ring of Fire!!!
3 main types of volcanoes:
(most occur at plate boundaries..FYI)
*Composite Cone (Mt St. Helens)
oozes and explodes
*Shield Volcanoes: Hawaii, oozes and
dome-shaped
*Cinder Cone: violent, short eruptions
(smaller volcanoes, too)
Cinder cone that just “grew!”
Hot Spot Volcano D28
 Hawaiian islands have a hot spot
 Yellowstone has hot spots
 Occurs when there is a spot the magma has
broken through lithosphere. Plate moves,
but hot spot stays put.
#2. Questions of the week
 Please use a complete sentence to receive
full credit!!!
 1. What does “tectonics” mean in Greek?
 2. Using arrows or words, what do the plates
of a convergent boundary look like?
Answers
 “Tectonics” means “builder” in Greek.
 2. A convergent boundary builds mountains,
causes earthquakes and volcanoes.
><
#3. Review the week questions.
 1. What is a very clear example of a
Transform Fault Boundary in California?
Week #3 Questions of the week
October 18
 1. What is a great example of a Transform
Fault boundary found in California?
 2. What does “Pangea” mean in Greek?
Answers: +2 for a sentence
+3 for correct answer
1. The San Andreas Fault is a
great example of a Transform
Fault boundary.
2. “Pangea” means “all lands”
in Greek.