Transcript Mineral Formation 12/03/08

Put your Lab on the books
Mineral Formation
3-3 pgs. 68-71
•IN: Why are
minerals
important?
11/20/15
How do Minerals form?
• Almost all minerals can be found in the Earth’s
crust
• Some minerals formed when a giant star exploded
• Some minerals form here on the Earth
• They form in many different environments under
different physical and chemical conditions
– Temperature, pressure, chemicals, water
Why are Minerals Important?
• Rocks are made of minerals.
Example,
• Granite
– A rock composed of feldspar, mica, and quartz.
Feldspar
Mica
Quartz
Mineral Classification
• Minerals are classified by their
chemical composition.
– What they are made of
– Where they formed
Two Types of Minerals
• Silicates
– Contain oxygen and silicon
– Make up 90% of the Earth’s crust
• Nonsilcates
– Do not contain oxygen and silicon
– Make up less than 10% of the Earth’s crust
Properties of Minerals
• Color
• Luster
• Streak
• Cleavage and Fracture
• Hardness
• Density
• Special Properties
What is mined?
Ore – a mineral deposit large
enough and pure enough to be
mined for profit.
Mining
• Mineral ores are nonrenewable
resources.
Mining
Surface mining – the removal of
minerals or other materials at or
near the Earth’s surface.
Mining
Deep mining – the removal of
minerals or other materials from
deep within the Earth.
Responsible Mining
• Reclamation – the process of
returning land to its original state
after mining is completed.
Unique Minerals
Mica
• Shiny and soft
• Separate easily into sheets
Unique Minerals
Halite
• Tastes salty
Unique Minerals
Magnetite
• Magnetic
•OUT: What are some
ways we could reduce
our need for mining?