Transcript Earth`s Waters Section 1–1 Review and Reinforce (p. 17) 1

Inside Earth
Chapter 4
Minerals
Review and Reinforce Worksheet
Answer Keys
Section 4-1 Review and Reinforce
(p. 105)
1. Hardness
2. Streak
3. Density
4. Crystal structure
5. A mineral must be a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystal
structure and a definite chemical composition.
6. Each mineral has its own properties because each mineral has a
definite chemical composition.
7. d
8. h
9. b
10. e
11. a
12. f
13. i
14. g
15. c
Section 4-2 Review and Reinforce
(p. 109)
1. Magma
2. Minerals
3. crystallize
4. veins
5. In general, minerals can form in two ways: through crystallization of
melted materials, and through crystallization of materials dissolved in
water.
6. Large crystals are likely to form when magma cools slowly, such as
deep underground. Small crystals are likely to form when magma cools
rapidly, as when magma cools near the surface or when lava cools.
7. Ocean water seeps down through cracks in the crust, where magma
heats it to a high temperature.
The hot water dissolves minerals from the crust and rushes upward. The
hot solution billows out of vents, or “chimneys.”When the solution hits the
cold sea, minerals crystallize and settle to the ocean floor.
8. Halite deposits form when seawater slowly evaporates.
9. solution
10. vein
Section 4-3 Review and Reinforce
(p. 113)
1. Metals
2. Gemstones
3. Quartz
4. Gypsum
5. Strip mines, open-pit mines, shaft mines
6. Answers may vary. A typical answer should mention: (1) iron ore is
crushed and mixed with limestone and coke; (2) the mixture is placed in
a blast furnace; (3) chemical changes in the furnace produce molten
iron and carbon dioxide; (4) iron and slag are produced and poured from
the furnace.
7. Alloys are useful because they have special properties. An example
is stainless steel, which is an alloy of iron, chromium, and nickel. The
special property of stainless steel that is useful is that it doesn’t rust.
8. alloy
9. ore
10. smelting