Transcript MOUNT KARANGETANG ERUPTS IN INDONESIA

MOUNT KARANGETANG
ERUPTS IN INDONESIA
ERUPTION OCCURS WITHIN
HOURS OF JAPAN’S M9.0
QUAKE AND TSUNAMI
DISASTER
FRIDAY, MARCH 11, 2011
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for
Disaster Reduction, University of
North Carolina, USA
MOUNT KARANGETANG
ERUPTS
The 1,784 m
(5,853 ft)
volcano, which
is one of
Indonesia’s 129
active volcanoes, is located
on Siau.
VOLCANO HAZARDS
(AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)
•
•
•
•
VERTICAL PLUME
ASH AND TEPHRA
LATERAL BLAST
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS
VOLCANO HAZARDS
(AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)
• LAVA FLOWS
• LAHARS
• EARTHQUAKES (related to
movement of lava)
• “VOLCANIC WINTER”
NATURAL HAZARDS FOR WHICH
EVACUATION IS TYPICAL
FLOODS
GOAL: MOVE PEOPLE OUT
OF HARM’S WAY
HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR
SAVING LIVES, BUT LOW
BEMEFIT/COST FOR
PROTECTING PROPERTY
HURRICANES
TYPHOONS
TSUNAMIS
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
WILDFIRES
INDONESIA HAS 129 OF THE WORLD’S
1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES
TECTONICS OF INDONESIA
REGION
• The Australian and Eurasian
plates meet in Indonesia,
creating a tectonic setting
favorable for generating
earthquakes, tsunamis, and
volcanic eruptions.
SUBDUCTION ZONE PROCESSES
CAN CAUSE VOLCANOES
Indonesia has 129 active
volcanoes, with two of the most
active ones — Mount Kelut and
Mount Merapi — on the island
of Java, where the Indonesian
capital, Jakarta, is.
INDONESIA HAS MORE THAN
17,000 ISLANDS
THE ERUPTION SENT LAVA AND
GAS CLOUDS DOWN THE SLOPES
SENSITIZED BY THE 2004 TSUNAMI
DISASTER, INDONESIANS HEEDED THE
WARNING
This time, the
tsunami that
inundated towns,
immobilized air
ports, destroyed
buildings, and killed
1,000’s in Japan,
WAS NOT DEADLY
in Indonesia.
IN 2004, TSUNAMI WAVES REACHED BANDA
ACHE IN1/2 HOUR, THEN TRAVERSED THE
INDIAN OCEAN
12 COUNTRIES ADJACENT TO THE
INDIAN OCEAN WERE IMPACTED
THE 2004 EXPERIENCE
• THE TSUNAMI WAS
GENERATED BY A SHALLOW,
M 9.3 EARTHQUAKE LOCATED
260 KM (155 MI) FROM BANDA
ACEH, SUMATRA
THE 2004 EXPERIENCE
• THE TSUNAMI WAVES HAD
HEIGHTS OF 4 TO 10 M AND
RUNUP OF 3.3 KM OR MORE
ON THE COAST LINES OF 12
NATIONS
THE 2004 EXPERIENCE
• THE EXISTING TSUNAMI WARNING
SYSTEM WAS INEFFECTIVE IN
2004.
• RESULT: LITTLE OR NO
EVACUATION.
THE 2004 EXPERIENCE
• AN EXTIMATED 220,000
PEOPLE WERE KILLED
(120,000 IN INDONESIA) AND
500,000 WERE INJURED IN 12
COUNTRIES BORDERING THE
INDIAN OCEAN