Transcript Origin of the Earth

Origin of the Earth
and Ocean
Age of the Universe

The universe is thought to be about 15
billion years old. The “Big Bang” theory
states that it started off as a compact
mass of matter, and is presently
expanding at a very fast rate.
Age of the Earth

Our planet was a giant, red hot, boiling sea of molten rock - a
magma ocean, about 4.6 billion years ago. The heat had been
generated by the repeated high speed collisions of much smaller
bodies of space rocks that continually clumped together as they
collided to form this planet. As the collisions tapered off the earth
began to cool, forming a thin crust on its surface , and gravity
pulled most of the iron and nickel inward to form a core. The lighter
minerals floated to the surface to form the crust. (process lasted
about 100 million years)
Origin of the Ocean

Oceans formed from water vapour trapped
within the earth and released due to
volcanic activity, about 4 billion years ago.
Formation of the Ocean

Hot vapours rose into the atmosphere,
cooled, formed clouds and rained. (this
lasted for about 10 million years)
Formation of the Ocean

Initially, vapour was
boiling when it hit the
Earth, and reevaporated.
Eventually the surface
became cooler, rain
stayed and formed
primitive oceans in
basins. Minerals
began to dissolve into
it resulting in salinity.
Origin of Life

About 3.5 billion years ago as clouds broke up,
sunlight filtered through and enabled
photosynthesis to take place.
First Interaction Between Life and
Land

Oxygen was formed in the ocean before land. Tiny
bacteria called stromatolites were among the first
organisms to produce oxygen through
photosynthesis.
Pangaea
Separation of Pangaea
Sea Floor Spreading
Plate Tectonics

The Earths crust being created and destroyed.
Commotion Beneath the Ocean

The dynamic planet