Transcript Ecology Notes

Ecology
The study of how organisms
interact with living and nonliving aspects of their
environment.
3 Factors that Sustain Life on
Earth
1. The one way flow of high quality
energy from the sun to the earth.
2. The cycling of matter within the
biosphere. (Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Hydrogen, Phosphorous, Sulfur etc.)
3. Gravity which holds on to the earths
atmosphere which allows for movement
and cycling.
4 Spheres of the Earth
Atmosphere
• 78% Nitrogen
• 21% Oxygen
• 1% Other (CO2,
Water, Methane etc.)
• TroposphereGround to 17km (11
mi.)
• Stratosphere- 17km50K, contains Ozone
Layer
Hydrosphere
• All the water on the
planet including
vapor, ice, snow,
fresh, and salt.
• 97.5 % of all water
is salt water
• 2.5% is fresh
• 71% of the earths
surface is covered
in salt water.
Water Demo
• 5 gallons = all the water on the planet
• 5 gallons = 18,960 ml
Calculate the following in ml
• Fresh water = 2.5% of total
• Ice makes up 69% of fresh water
• Ground Water makes up 30% of fresh
water
• Surface water makes up 1% of fresh water
• Lakes make up 87% of surface water
• Swamps make up 11% of surface water
• Rivers make up 2% of surface water
Lithosphere
• All the raw materials
that make up the
earth.
• 3 major layers
(Core, Mantel, Crust)
• Non-living things
that make up soil.
• Nitrogen,Carbon,
Phosphorus etc.)
Biosphere
• The zone where life
exists on the planet.
• 9km (6mi) up and all the
way to the bottom of
the ocean.
• Includes Atmosphere,
Lithosphere and
Hydrosphere
• Can be seen as one
large living organism
(Gaia Principal)
Biosphere 2