Transcript What`s the MATTER , part I

What’s the MATTER , part I
Matter:
 Anything that has mass and takes up
space
Matter is made up of building blocks:
atom – smallest unit of an element.
element – a pure substance made of
only one kind of atom.
compound – made of two or more
atoms that are chemically combined.
FYI (good bonus questions!!!)
 90% of the Earth’s crust is made up
of only 5 elements:
Oxygen
49.2%
Silicon
25.7 %
Aluminum
7.5%
Iron
4.7%
Calcium
3.4%
States of Matter
 Solid
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

Definite volume and shape
Particles are tightly packed
Slight expansion when heated
Incompressible
 Liquid Has definite volume, but no definite
shape (assumes the shape of the
container)
 Particles are loosely packed (can flow)
 Easily expand when heated
 Considered incompressible
 Gas



No definite shape or volume
Expand to fill the container
Particles are spaced far apart
Compressible
 Plasma



Consists of electrically charged particles
It’s an ionized gas
Common in space, but very rare on Earth
Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and
neon signs
Energy Amounts in States of Matter
 Solid- little energy, particles vibrate
and rotate
 Liquid- more energy, they move
freely
 Gas- even more energy, move quickly
 Plasma- most energy, move
extremely fast
States of Matter a.k.a. Phases of
Matter
Gas
Energy
Solid
Liquid
Names of Phase Changes






Solid to Liquid
Liquid to Gas
Gas to Liquid
Liquid to Solid
Solid to Gas
Gas to Solid
=
=
=
=
=
=
Melting
Boiling/evaporation
Condensation
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
Properties of Matter
 2 Types:
 Extensive – depend on the amount of the
sample
 Examples =
volume
mass
length
weight
Properties of Matter (cont.)
 Intensive – does not depend on the
amount of the sample
 Examples =
density
melting point
boiling point
malleability
ductility
color
odor