Transcript TURNING 2011`S DISASTERS INTO EDUCATIONAL SURGES

TURNING 2011’S DISASTERS INTO
EDUCATIONAL SURGES THAT
WILL ADVANCE DISASTER
RESILIENCE
PART 4 (Continued)
Dr. Walter Hays,
Global Alliance For
Disaster Reduction
HURRICANE IRENE
(Continued)
AUG 27: FORECAST AFTER 7:30 AM
LANDFALL IN OUTER BANKS, NC
THE NATURE OF IRENE’S
CAPACITY TO CAUSE A DISASTER
CHANGED FRON WIND TO WATER
FLOODING BECAME THE CAUSE OF
COMMUNITY DISASTERS AS IRENE
CONTINUED TO THE NORTHEAST
August 28, 2011
Cities in the northeast (e.g.,
New York City, Long Island,
Philadelphia, Trenton, and
others) had to face Irene’s
storm surge, rain fall, and
New Moon high tides
WHAT NORTHEAST CITIES FACED
• Storm surge (5-8 ft in NY City),
and “new moon” tides (2-3 ft)—,
flooding with potential for deaths,
especially if people drive through
standing water or get trapped in
autos or buildings.
• Overflowing/encroaching rivers--
WHAT NORTHEAST CITIES FACED
• Rain (2 to 20 in) over a wide area
from the eye—major flooding
exacerbated by slow runoff
• Wind (40 + mph)—damage to
trees, homes, buildings, and
infrastructure
WHAT NORTHEAST CITIES FACED
• Beach erosion and mudslides-irreversible loss due to
permanent changes in the
landscape.
• Tornadoes---no warning; deadly
on the local level
FEMA WAS READY
The Federal Emergency Management
Agency had 18 disaster-response
teams in place along the East Coast,
with stockpiles of food, water and
mobile communications equipment
ready to go.
New York, Connecticut joined
NC, VA, MD. DE and NJ in
declaring a state of emergency
Hundreds of thousands told to
evacuate in NC, MD, NJ, and
VA.
AUG 26: EVACUATIONS BEGIN IN NEW
JERSEY
New York City ordered
hospitals, nursing homes in
low-lying areas to evacuate.
AUG 28: FORECAST OF IRENE’S PATH
NEW YORK CITY AREA
AUG 28: IRENE APPROACHING NEW YORK
CITY
AUGUST 28: NY LANDFALL
Irene made landfall over New
York’s Coney Island with
winds of 100 kph (65 mph)
before reaching New York
City at 9 A.M., bringing a
storm surge that sent 1 m
(3 1/2-ft) of water into New
York Harbor.
BAD NEWS
Irene Became a Regional and
Local Flooding Event With a
Mix of Fresh and Salt Water
NEW YORK CITY: Heavy
rainfall overflowed sewers,
seawater lapped at sidewalks
at the edges of the city, and
water cascaded toward Wall
Street, which had been fortified
with sandbags.
AUG 28: FLOODING IN NEW YORK
AUG 28: WATER OVERTOPS THE
BOARDWALK
AUG 28: FLOODING IN STATEN ISLAND
MAYOR BLOOMBURG CALLS FOR
“RESTORE AND RECOVERY”
TO START MONDAY, AUGUST 29th
A Ray of Hope for New York City,
Which was Drenched, but still
Operating
In upstate New York and
Vermont, normally placid
streams turned into raging
torrents and rapidly moved
tree limbs, cars, and parts of
bridges down stream.
VERMONT’S FLOODING
VERMONT: FLOODING
VERMONT: FLOODING
WATERBURY, VT
PITTSFIELD, VT: COMMUNITY
TURNED INTO AN ISLAND
WINOOSKI RIVER: WATERBURY, VT
VERMONT: ROADS WASHED OUT
VERMONT: ROADS WASHED OUT
VERMONT FLOODING
VERMONT: 3 OF THE ICONIC
BRIDGES FAILED
VERMONT: FLOODING
Vermont's mountainous
terrain amplified the effects
of Irene's flooding by
increasing the velocity of
stream flow and increasing
the runoff time.
VERMONT: Worst flooding in
the state since 1927
• Whole communities under water:
businesses, homes, roads,
bridges, rail systems, and crops
• Vermont’s Emergency
Operations Center was underwater and had to be relocated.
IMPACTS IN VERMONT:
In Vermont, “epic” flooding
from Irene’s heavy rainfall
left a number of towns in
southern Vermont
underwater
NEW JERSEY’S FLOODING
SPRING LAKE, NJ:
BOARDWALK DESTROYED
AUGUST 28: IMPACTS IN NEW
JERSEY
Restoration of Trenton, the
Capitol, Under Water, and
Restoration of the Beaches are
High-Priorities for New Jersey
ATLANTIC CANADA’S
FLOODING
IRENE’S ARRIVAL IN ATLANTIC CANADA
QUEBEC: 3,500 homes in 20
municipalities were affected by the
swollen Richelieu River and Lake
Champlain in the flood zone
between Montreal’s south shore
and to the New York border.
OVERALL IMPACTS
OVERALL IMPACTS: The storm
that marched up the East Coast
on August 27th had pounded the
coast with torrential rains and
fierce winds and was blamed for
power outages involving more
than 6 million homes and
businesses.
OVERALL IMPACTS (continued):
The storm caused an unprecedented
shutdown of the transit systems in
Washington, Philadelphia, Boston and
New York; It left rail and airline service
in the Northeast paralyzed, and
hundreds of thousands of people
without power.
OVERALL IMPACTS (continued):
Government officials issued
evacuation orders for about 3 million
people along the Eastern Seaboard,
ranging from 100,000 people in
Delaware to a million people in New
Jersey
Irene smashed power poles,
ripped transmission wires and
flooded electrical stations over
the weekend, blacked out
more than 7.4 million homes
and businesses from South
Carolina to Maine, and killed
44 people in 13 states
TOWARDS HURRICANE
DISASTER RESILIENCE IN
YOUR COMMUNITY
PREPAREDNESS
PROTECTION
RESPONSE
RECOVERY
RISK ASSESSMENT
•HAZARD MAPS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
FOCUS ON FOUR
CRITICAL AREAS
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
STRICKEN
COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
BEST POLICIES AND
PRACTICES FOR:
•PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•RESPONSE & RECOVERY
1325 HURRICANES: DYNAMIC
LABORATORIES FOR LEARNING
• EACH HURRICANE
TEACHES
IMPORTANT
TECHNICAL AND
POLITICAL
LESSONS ABOUT
BECOMING
DISASTER RESILIENT.
CAUSES
OF
DAMAGE
WIND PENETRATING
BUILDING ENVELOPE
UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM
FLYING DEBRIS
SEVERE
WINDSTORMS
“DISASTER
LABORATORIES”
STORM SURGE
IRREGULARITIES IN
ELEVATION AND PLAN
SITING PROBLEMS
FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
FOR COPING WITH TROPICAL
STORMS AND HURRICANES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR
SEVERE WINDSTORMS
• REAL TIME
FORECASTS OF PATH
AND IMPACTS
• EVACUATION
• MEASUREMENT
TECHNOLOGIES (E.G.,
DOPPLER RADAR,
WIND SPEEDS;
PRESSURE,
INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION)
•
•
•
•
DATABASES
WIND ENGINEERING
MAPS: STORM SURGE
DISASTER
SCENARIOS
• STORM CHASER
PLANES/DRONES
• RISK MODELING (E.G.,
HAZUS, INSURANCE
UNDERWRITING)
NATURAL HAZARDS FOR WHICH
EVACUATION IS TYPICAL
FLOODS
GOAL: MOVE PEOPLE OUT
OF HARM’S WAY
HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR
SAVING LIVES, BUT LOW
BEMEFIT/COST FOR
PROTECTING PROPERTY
HURRICANES
TYPHOONS
TSUNAMIS
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS
WILDFIRES
TOWARDS HIRRICANE DISASTER
RESILIENCE
RISK ASSESSMENT
• VULNERABILITY
• COST
• EXPOSURE
HURRICANES
• EVENT
EXPECTED
LOSS
• BENEFIT
•CONSEQUENCES
POLICY ASSESSMENT
POLICY
ADOPTION