Transcript Unit 8 CLASSIFICATION - Mad River Local Schools

UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION
TODAY’S TASK
Pre-test
Taxonomic classification
Begin making foldable
WHAT IS TAXONOMIC CLASSIFICATION?
A filing system for all of life
UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION
SPECIES
Group of organisms that resemble closely in structure
and function
Most specific classification unit
Like species breed with like species
Written in italics and is lower case
EXAMPLE:
GENUS
Written in italics and capitalized
Less specific than species
EXAMPLE:
FAMILY
More specific than order and less specific than genus
EXAMPLE:
ORDER
More specific than class and less specific than family
EXAMPLE:
CLASS
More specific than phylum and less specific than order
EXAMPLE:
PHYLUM
More specific than Kingdom and less specific than class
Animal kingdom contains about 35 phyla
Plant kingdom contains about 12 phyla (or divisions)
EXAMPLE:
KINGDOM
Protista (the single-celled eukaryotes)
Fungi (fungus and related organisms)
Plantae (the plants)
Animalia (the animals)
Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria)
Eubacteria (true bacteria)
DOMAIN
Eukarya
• Fungi, animals, plants, protists
Bacteria
• Prokaryotic organisms (single-cells)
Archea
• Survive in extreme environments
CARL LINNEAUS
Botanist
Physician
Zoologist
Creator of the classification system for life
in 1753
YOUR TASK
1. Log onto class website and YOU will fill in examples
2. Include name and characteristics for each example
(“Anamalia Kingdom- multicellular, eukaryotic”)
3. When completed get signed off by Ms. Lykens
4. Print any pictures you would like included in your
foldable and/or draw any
UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION
BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
Scientific naming
2 ways to write:
Homo sapien
Genus
species
H. sapien
Genus
species
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF
CLASSIFICATION?
-A way to name a new species
WHAT ARE SOME CHARACTERISTICS WE
USE TO CLASSIFY ORGANISMS?
-Backbone
HOW DO WE KNOW IF IT IS A NEW
SPECIES?
Use a dichotomous key to identify the organism
Dichotomous key:
A key for the identification of organisms based on
common characteristics
Legs
Wings
Bird
No wings
Dog
No legs
Tree
Herb
Many cells
Pine tree
Dandelion
One cell
Makes its own food
Swim freely in water
Doesn’t make its own food
Cannot swim freely in
water
Lives in ocean
Lives on land
Fish
Snake
YOUR TASK TODAY
1. Looking at the group of organisms on your lab station, make a
system to categorize
2. Start with two categories and then go from there
3. Write down every category as you go
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Today I will model a dichotomous key.
ASSESSMENT QUESTION
What is the purpose of a dichotomous key?
DICHOTOMOUS KEY ACTIVITY
DICHOTOMOUS KEY PROJECT TIMELINE
Wednesday Come up with 10 species and make a picture
key/start key
Thursday Finish dichotomous key
Friday Finalize key and make answer sheet (create your
own genus and species names)/ turn-in assignment
UNIT 9 CLASSIFICATION
EVOLUTIONARY CLASSIFICATION
Two ways to classify relationships among organisms:
Cladogram
Phylogenetic tree
CLADOGRAM
•Used by “cladists”
•Shows how organisms have acquired traits overtime
•Points show when various species diverged
CLADOGRAM QUESTIONS
A. Which organism shown on this cladogram is the oldest?
B. Which organism has the most closely related DNA sequence to a
rayfinned fish?
C. Circle the most recent common ancestor to a snake and a bird.
D. Who is more closely related molecularly: a snake and turtle or snake and
bird?
CLADOGRAM QUESTIONS
A. Which organism shown on this cladogram is the most recent?
B. Which organism has the most closely related DNA sequence to a
salamander?
C. Circle the most recent common ancestor to a turtle and a mammal.
D. Who is more closely related molecularly: a lungfish and frog or bird and
crocodile?
CLADOGRAM WORKSHEET (10 POINTS)
 Read carefully
 If you do not know the answer… Look it up!